554033

research-article2014

VMJ0010.1177/1358863X14554033Vascular MedicineForbang et al.

Original Article

Associations of diabetes mellitus and other cardiovascular disease risk factors with decline in the ankle–brachial index

Vascular Medicine 2014, Vol. 19(6) 465­–472 © The Author(s) 2014 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1358863X14554033 vmj.sagepub.com

Nketi I Forbang1, Mary M McDermott2, Yihua Liao2, Joachim H Ix1, Matthew A Allison1, Kiang Liu2, Lu Tian3, Natalie Evans4 and Michael H Criqui1

Abstract We compared the associations of diabetes mellitus (DM) and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors with decline in the ankle–brachial index (ABI) over 4 years in participants with and without peripheral artery disease (PAD). A total of 566 participants, 300 with PAD, were followed prospectively for 4 years. Mean (SD) baseline ABI values were 0.70 (0.13) for participants with both PAD and DM, 0.67 (0.14) for participants with only PAD, 1.10 (0.13) for participants with only DM, and 1.10 (0.10) for participants with neither PAD nor DM. After adjusting for age, sex, and baseline ABI, the corresponding ABI change from baseline to 4-year follow-up were −0.02, –0.04, +0.05, and +0.05, respectively. Compared to participants with neither PAD nor DM, participants with only PAD showed significantly more ABI decline (p