Vol.
167,
March
No.
16,
2, 1990
BIOCHEMICAL
AND
BIOPHYSICAL
RESEARCH
COMMUNICATIONS Pages
1990
413-418
ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEX'TIDE REDUCESTHE BASAL LEVEL OF CYTOSOLIC F'REE Ca2+ IN GUINEA PIG CARDIAC MYOCYTES Masahi'ko
Teil
, Minor"
Akihiro 1Department
Hazama3,
of Molecular
and 31)epartment
1*, Toshinori
Horie
Yasunobu
2.Third
Diagnostics,
of Physiology, Sakyo-ku,
Received
.January
29,
Makita2,
Okada3,
Hiroshi
Department
Kyoto
University
Kyoto
606,
Suzukil,
Kawai 2
and Chuichi
of Internal
Faculty
Medicine
of Medicine,
Japan
1990
The cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+].) was monitored in quiescent atria1 and ventricular myocytes isolated from'guinea-pig hearts by the furafluorescence ratio technique. Recombinant human atria1 natriuretic peptide (ANP) was found to reduce their basal [Ca2+]. level a dose-dependent manner. Dibutyryl-cGMP mimicked the effe:t of AN;: Neither the prior application of caffeine nor removal of extracellular N?: impaired the ANP effect. ANP had no inhibitory effect on voltage-gated Ca cur ents measured by a whole-cell patch clamp technique. The ANP-induced [Ca St Ii decrease was abolishe Thus, it is concluded that ANP reduces the basal the cGMP-mediated activation of the plasma myocytes. 0 1990 Rcademlc Press,
Inc.
The
cardiac
contractile release
atrium
but
also
atria1
is
of
particular
an endocrine
natriuretic
peptide
natriuretic
and
vasorelaxant
activity
free
Ca 2t level
accelerate
as a second
the
extracellular
([Ca2+li) for
the
messenger ANP level
has not first
for
yet
time,
[Ca2+]. 1 in mammalian
examined
evidence
that
(ANP),
(1).
the
which
Since
cytosolic
maneuvers
human
only
a and
diuretic, raising
the
Ca2+ appears
to
the
free
in the myocardium.
and ventricular
not
produce
possesses
(2-4),
However,
recombinant
is
cardiocytes
ANP secretion
secretion.
affects
been atria1
the
as it
Atria1
hormone
cytoplasmic act
interest
organ.
question whether 2t Ca concentration
This
study
ANP reduces
provides, the
basal
myocytes.
MAT5tIALSANDMETHODS Single atria1 and ventricular cells were enzymatically isolated from previously (5). To load with fura-2, adult guinea-pig hea ts, as described the myocytes (2 x 10 E cells) were suspended in a 2-ml of Tyrode's solution containing 10 uM fura-2/AM (Molecular Probes) and 5 % bovine serum for 30
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should
be addressed. 0006-291X/90
413
$1.50
Copyright 0 I990 by Academic Press, Inc. All rights of reproducrion in any form reserved.
Vol.
167,
No.
BIOCHEMICAL
2, 1990
AND
BIOPHYSICAL
RESEARCH
COMMUNICATIONS
min at 36'C. The cells were then washed once and stored on ice for at least 2 h before experiments. The cells were inoculated on the coverslip bottom of a small chamber (0.5 ml) placed on the stage of an inverted microscope (Nikon TMD). The bath was perfused with Tyrode's solution. The method of [Ca2+ii measurement was almost the same as described previously (6). The fluorescence images at excitation wavelengths of 340, 360 and 380 nm were collected from single fura-2-loaded myocytes at room temperature (about 25'C) and were digitized by an image processor (Hamamatsu Photonics). The fluorescence intensity ratio was calculated after background subtractio The 340 nm/380 nm ratio was found to be more sensitive to a small [Ca 9.+I. change than the 340 nm/ 360 nm, since the fluorescence int nsity at nm changed in mirror image with that at 380 nm. Thus, the 540 [Ca 5+ Ii was estimated as the mean value of the 340 nm/380 nm ratio in a given cardia In some experiments the furaratio was calibras;d into the [Ca ~+myocyteIi value using a sigmoidal standard curve determined in Ca EGTA buffer solutions containin 2 uM furafree acids (Molecular Probes) !2+ and various concentrations of Ca . voltagePatch-clamp whole-cell recordings (7) were made to measure gated Ca2+ currents in single ventricular myocytes incubated in Tyrode's To eliminate the contribution of both Nat and lowsolution at 33OC. To monitor threshold Ca2+ cusyents, a holding potential of -40 mV was used. high-threshold Ca currents, the cell was depolarized to t10 mV for 300 ms every 10 s. It is known that inward currents thus recorded consist both of transien exclusively due to the activation of high-threshold (Lty e) Ca5+c~;a~n~~s and of sustained currents, due to activation of the Preliminary Ca 5t channels as dell as delayed rectifier K+ channels. experiments showed that ANP did not affect the outward K+ currents. Tyrode's solution contained (in mM) 136.5 NaCl, 0.3 NaH2P04, 5.4 KCl, 1.8 CaC12, 0.5 MgC12, and 5 HEPES-NaOH (pH 7.4). A Nat-free solution was prepared by replacing NaCl in the Tyrode solution with equimolar N-methyl Dglucamine. Choline was not used because of its possible reactivity with the A high Kt solution acetylcholine receptor. was prepared by replacing NaCl in Tyrode's solution with KCl. During whole-cell recordings the cell was dialyzed with a patch pipette solution containing (in mM) 110 K-aspartate, 20 KCl, 5 MgCl 5 K2ATP, 5 Na2-creatine phosphate, 0.2 Na2GTP, 5 EGTA and 5 HEPES-KOH (pH 314). Since it is known that the amino acid sequence of ANP is almost identical throughout mammalian species, we employed recombinant ~1(l-28) human ANP, which was a gift from Suntory Ltd. Other drugs used were caffeine (Nakarai), N-methyl D-glucamine (Nakarai), sodium orthovanadate (Na3V04: Sigma) and dibutyryl cGMP (Sigma). Numerical data are given as mean + S.E. (number of cells). Statistical significance was evaluated by Student's paired t-test. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Figure levels
1 depicts
in
single
reversibly
reduced
dependency
of
the
This
the
receptor
preparation
over
dose-response and (see
messenger,
membrane-permeable
of ANP effects
over
In
2 in Ref.
8).
well activation It
is
mediates the ANP-dependent cGMP analog, dibutyryl 414
on basal
In both
rod-shaped maximum with
therefore [Ca 2t Ii
rat
at
for
at
about
low8
ANP binding that
reduction. also
dose-
myocytes,
cardiac
likely
ANP
to saturate
effect
those in
cGMP,
the
ventricular appeared
[CaZtli
myocytes,
2 summarizes
The effect a half
coincides cyclase
cells.
Figure
10 -9 M .
10m7 M, giving curve
(B)
[Ca2+li.
on [Ca2+li.
guanylate Fig.
results
and ventricular
basal
at doses
ANP concentrations M.
(A)
ANP effects
ANP was effective
second
representative
atria1
reduced
to
sarcolemmal cGMP, as a In fact, the
basal
a
Vol.
167, No. 2, 1990
BIOCHEMICAL
Atrial
A
AND BIOPHYSICAL
RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
cell
ANP
(O.lrrM)
.
1
-l-
2 14 Ventricular
2 I B
cells
ANP
. 1
(0.5uM).
--.-
/
2 L--J--c
db-cGMP
( 1 mM 1
.
1
5
0 Time
Figure (A)
and nm), ratio (3)
1. Effects of ANP and dibutyryl cGMF' (db-cGMP) on [&'+I. in atria1 arldentricular (B, C) myocytes. The abscissa indicates timk in minute the ordinate the ratio of t e furafluorescence excited at 340 and 380 which is indicative of [Ca9 +li. Percent reduction in the fluorescence was 20 + 8 % (3) in atria1 cells treated with 0.1 uM ANP or 25 + 9 % in ventricular cells exposed to 1 mM db-cGMP.
[Ca2+li
in
(Fig.
ventricular
depletion
in
from
Fig.
the
involvement
Even
in
though
the
effect
was not
fully
reversible
involved
in
sensitive
ANP reduced
the
basal
[Ca2+li
even
after
the
[Ca2+li
channel
the
of
currents
pulses
in
frog in
j.nhibited to inhibit
on the it
3B,
by the the
of the
that not
application
sarcolemmal
Thus, out.
3C,
ANP
myocytes. may not
reduction
in
could
be
voltagetake
obtained
the place
by both
voltage-gated
Ca2+ channel by ANP: ANP did not
impaired
by
of
a depolarizing
high-threshold
upon
(L-type)
depolarizing not
shown),
command as found
(10).
prior
of the
Fig.
the membrane
induced
myocytes
(9).
membrane
by 1 nM ANP (data
ANP effect
membrane
ventricular
of evidence
amplitude
myocytes
suggested
in
depolarization
were
ventricular
in
ANP-induced
e 1 evation
the
plasma is
the
The
shown
that
two pieces
suppressed
ventricular Fig.
in
indicated
3D). in
unlikely
Ca2+
can be ruled
as
sarcolemmal
is
membrane
[Ca2+li
K+ (Fig.
Therefore, (11). ANP-induced down-regulation activation
[Ca2+li
by depolarizations
it
through
basal
Also,
of
by 10 mM caffeine ANP effect
Na+,
Furthermore,
recorded
As shown known
extracellular
(-110 mV) was not
previously
the
techniques
degree
concentration
(SR)
by SR in
no appreciable
myocytes. induced
affect
reticulum
participates
and patch-clamp
activities
largely
of
ANP effect. since
quiescent
Ca2+
sarcoplasmic Ca 2+ uptake
absence
Ca2+
fura-
3A,
decreased the 2t Na+-Ca exchangers
Therefore,
basal
of
the
consistently
in
myocytes,
1C). As shown
the
10
(min)
in reducing
the
basal
[Ca2+]i
was
of 40 UM orthovanadate, which is 2+ pump in a variety of cell species Ca
that
the
basal
major
[Ca2+li is 2+ Ca pump.
415
mechanism
responsible
an increased
for
Ca2+ efflux
Vol.
167,
No.
BIOCHEMICAL
2, 1990
200
AND
BIOPHYSICAL
RESEARCH
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* P