DATA RESULTS FROM THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY
Benin 2011–12 Introduction The Benin Demographic and Health Survey 2011–12, or Enquête Démographic et de Santé du Benin, was conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique et de l’Analyse Économique du Ministère du Developpement, de l’Analyse Économique, et de la Prospective, with technical assistance from ICF International. Data for this nationally representative survey were collected from 17,422 households, and complete interviews were conducted with 16,599 women aged 15−49 and 5,180 men aged 15–64. The fieldwork took place from December 2011 to March 2012. The summary statistics presented below were taken from the Benin Demographic and Health Survey 2011–12 (INSAE and ICF International 2013), with exceptions as noted.
OVERVIEW 1.1 General characteristics of the population Percent Characteristic 1980–85 2005–10 change
Demographic Population size (mil.)a 3.7 9.5 +156.8 Crude birth rate (/1,000) 47.2 39.1 –17.2 Crude death rate (/1,000) 18.2 10.3 –43.4 Population growth rate (%/year) 2.9 3.0 +3.4 Life expectancy (years) 48.4 58.2 +20.2 Socioeconomic GNI per capita ($) na — 750b Adult literacy rate c (% aged 15 and older) na — 42 GNI = Gross national income. na = Not available. — = Not applicable. a Figures are for 1980 and 2010. b GNI per capita is given for 2012 (World Bank 2013). c National estimate based on survey data for adult literacy for those aged 15 and older is given for 2005–11 (World Bank 2013). SOURCES: All data except b and c are drawn from World Population Prospects (UN 2013).
1.2 Percentage distribution of women surveyed, by highest educational level attained, according to residence Educational level
None Partial primary Complete primary Partial secondary Complete secondary Higher Total (Weighted N)
©2014 The Population Council, Inc.
Residence Rural Urban
Total
74.9 41.7 59.5 10.3 17.0 13.4 2.9 5.6 4.1 11.4 27.3 18.8 0.4 4.5 2.3 0.1 4.0 1.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 (8,888) (7,711) (16,599)
511
512
Results from the DHS
FERTILITY 2.1 Fertility trends
2.2 Fertility differentials, 2009–12
UN estimate
8
7.0
7.0
6.9
6
Survey estimate
6.6
6.2
6
5.8
5.3
4.9
4 2
Total fertility rate
Total fertility rate
10
0
15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49
2 –1
0
Years prior to survey 0–4 5–9 10–14 15–19
98 126 135 112 236 250 237 211 260 266 260 240 206 234 228 (217) 130 158 (182) — 66 (91) — — (19) — — —
— = Not applicable. NOTES: Age-specific fertility is measured in births per 1,000 women per year in each age group. Numbers in parentheses are partially truncated rates.
3.3
a c b d 1 Mother’s educational level
Rural Urban Residence
1
Key: a = none; b = partial or complete primary; c = secondary (first cycle); d = secondary (second cycle or higher). NOTE: Fertility rates are for the period 1–36 months prior to the survey.
2.4 Differentials in median age at first birth among women aged 25–49 25 20
20.7
20.0
21.9
20.1
21.2
23.1
15
Age
Mother’s age at birth
4.2
2
09
–1
20
05 20
–0
5
0 20
00
00
5
–2
–9
19
95
0
90
–9
19
5
85 19
–8
0
80
–8
19
75 19
2.3 Trends in age-specific fertility
4.6
4.3
4
0
Year
5.6
5.4
10 5 0
All women
Rural Urban Residence
*
a b c d 1 Mother’s educational level
1 Key: a = none; b = partial or complete primary; c = secondary (first cycle); d = secondary (second cycle or higher). *Omitted because less than 50 percent of women in this category gave birth before age 25, and therefore the median is an unknown value greater than 25.
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
December 2014
513
Benin 2011–12
FERTILITY PREFERENCES 3.1 Mean ideal number of children among women surveyed, by age and number of living children
Ideal number of children
7
6.2
6
5.1
5 4 3
3.9
•
• •4.5 •4.9
4.2
•
5.0
•
5.2
•
4.9
4.0
3.8
•
0
1
•
4.2
•
•4.7 •
•5.5
•
2 1 0
15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 Age
3.2 Desire to stop childbearing among currently married women, by number of living children Percentage who want no more (including sterilized women)
100
58
60 37
40 20 2
3
0
1
December 2014
13
45
23
6+ 2 3 4 5 Number of living children (including current pregnancy)
28
6+
3.3 Percentage distribution of births in the five years preceding the survey, by planning status, according to birth order Planning status
80
0
2 3 5 4 Number of living children (including current pregnancy)
Wanted then Wanted later Not desired Missing Total (Weighted N)
Birth order (including current pregnancy) 1 2 3 4+
All
77.1 84.1 84.0 79.0 80.5 20.9 13.0 11.3 9.9 13.0 1.7 2.7 4.6 10.8 6.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 (3,020) (2,948) (2,703) (6,076) (14,747)
Total
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
514
Results from the DHS
CONTRACEPTION 4.1 Percentage of women in union, by method, according to their knowledge and current use of contraceptives Method
Any method Any modern method Female sterilization Male sterilization Pill IUD Injectable Male condom Female condom Implant Emergency contraception Lactational amenorrhea method Other Any traditional method Periodic abstinence Withdrawal Other
Know Currently method using
84.5 82.4 32.0 18.0 63.6 32.4 60.6 74.0 32.7 51.8 17.8 28.5 0.0 48.3 40.5 30.3 5.4
12.9 7.9 0.1 0.0 1.3 0.5 2.0 1.8 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.5 0.6 5.0 2.9 0.8 1.3
na = Not available.
4.2 Percentage distribution of current users of modern contraceptive methods, by most recent source of supply, according to method Method Male Source Pill IUD Injectable Implant condom
Public sector Government hospital Health center Family planning clinic Health agent Social center Mobile clinic Community health worker Automatic condom dispenser Other Private medical sector Hospital/private clinic Private doctor Pharmacy Sectarian hospital BAPF Health agent Other Other source Shop Parents/friends Bar Other Missing Total (Weighted N)
a
Total
37.8 64.3 82.4 70.7 12.3 42.5 5.3 8.9 16.1 14.9 2.2 7.9 17.2 37.2 51.5 42.7 3.6 23.0 11.2 12.4 12.8 12.6 1.5 7.7 0.0 4.2 0.4 0.0 2.4 1.4 2.2 0.0 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.5 1.6 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.5 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.2 43.4 16.7 15.8 16.2 44.9 32.9 1.8 12.1 7.3 6.5 0.3 3.4 0.8 0.0 3.5 1.2 0.9 1.5 38.1 0.0 2.7 0.0 42.3 25.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.4 1.1 1.5 7.7 0.6 1.8 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.9 0.6 0.0 3.5 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.2 18.3 0.0 1.4 0.0 41.0 21.2 16.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 28.7 15.2 2.1 0.0 1.2 0.0 8.0 4.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.2 1.8 0.5 0.0 0.4 2.8 1.8 1.4 0.0 18.9 0.0 10.2 0.0 2.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 (217) (69) (281) (130) (536) (1,427)
BAPF = Beninese Association for the Promotion of Family. Total exceeds sum of 1,233 because it includes users of other modern methods, and excludes users of the lactational amenorrhea method.
a
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
December 2014
515
Benin 2011–12
CONTRACEPTION (continued)
Percentage of women in union reporting current contraceptive use
4.3 Contraceptive prevalence differentials Any method Traditional or folk methods
100
Modern methods
80 60 40 20 0
15
12
15
11
Urban Rural Residence
a
23
20
13 Total
c b d Woman’s educational level1
5 8
1
Key: a = none; b = partial or complete primary; c = secondary (first cycle); d = secondary (second cycle or higher).
4.4 Contraceptive prevalence, by age and number of living children Percentage of women in union reporting current contraceptive use
30 25 20 16
15 10 5 0
•8
•10
•13
12
•
•
16
•
•12
12 7
•
•14
•14
•
15–19 20–24 25–29
30–34 35–39 Age
40–44 45–49
0
1–2 3–4 5+ Number of living children
4.5 Percentage distribution of women in union who are nonusers, by intention to practice contraception in the future, according to number of living children Intention
Intends to use Unsure Does not intend to use Total (Weighted N)
December 2014
Number of living children (including current pregnancy) 0 1 2 3 4+ Total
18.0 27.8 25.0 23.6 23.9 18.3 24.0 23.8 23.2 19.7 63.7 48.2 51.1 53.1 56.4
24.5 21.7 53.8
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 (343) (1,578) (1,920) (1,904) (4,425) (10,170)
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
516
Results from the DHS
MARITAL STATUS 5.1 Percentage distribution of women, by current marital status, according to age Age Marital status 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 Total
Single 85.6 35.5 8.4 3.4 2.2 2.6 2.4 24.1 Married 10.6 46.2 67.7 71.0 72.3 67.8 64.6 54.9 Living together 3.2 15.2 20.2 19.9 18.6 17.1 15.9 15.5 Divorced/separated/widowed 0.6 3.2 3.6 5.7 6.8 12.5 17.0 5.6 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 (Weighted N) (2,907) (2,893) (3,201) (2,693) (2,164) (1,619) (1,123) (16,599)
ASSISTANCE DURING DELIVERY 6.1 Percentage distribution of births in the five years prior to the survey, by type of assistance during delivery, according to residence Type of assistance
Rural
Doctor Nurse Aide/assistant birth attendant Traditional birth attendant Midwife Parents/other No one Total (Weighted N)
Urban
Total
4.2 13.4 7.9 70.7 76.4 73.0 4.3 1.8 3.3 6.1 2.1 4.5 1.0 0.4 0.8 12.1 4.7 9.1 1.2 0.9 1.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 (7,939) (5,252) (13,191)
POSTPARTUM VARIABLES 7.1 Differentials in median duration of breastfeeding among children born in the three years preceding the survey
7.2 Median duration of breastfeeding and postpartum insusceptibility
Median number of months
20
21.7
19.0
21.6
19.7 18.7
20.8 17.1
10
0
Median number of months
30
30
20
a b c d Mother’s educational level1
1
Total
Key: a = none; b = partial or complete primary; c = secondary (first cycle); d = secondary (second cycle or higher).
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
9.4
10
0 Rural Urban Residence
20.8
Any breastfeeding
12.3 7.3
Amenorrhea Abstinence Postpartum status
Insusceptibility1
1
Amenorrhea and/or abstinence.
December 2014
517
Benin 2011–12
INFANT MORTALITY 8.1 Infant mortality trends 200
UN estimates
Infant mortality rate
175 150
134
125
122
113
103
100
92
75
Survey estimate
82
74
50
42
25 19 75 –8 0 19 80 –8 5 19 85 –9 0 19 90 –9 5 19 95 –2 00 0 20 00 –0 5 20 05 –1 0 20 07 –1 2
0
Year
8.2 Infant mortality differentials, 2002–12
Infant mortality rate
80
60 40
49 41
48
40
42 22 (22)
20 0
42
Rural Urban Residence
a
b c d 1 Mother’s educational level
Total 2007–12
1
Key: a = none; b = partial or complete primary; c = secondary (first cycle); d = secondary (second cycle or higher). NOTE: Figure in parentheses is based on less than 250–499 unweighted person-months of exposure.
8.3 Children ever born, children surviving, and ratio of dead to ever born among all women Age of woman
Mean number of children Ever born Surviving
Ratio of dead/ ever born
15–19 0.16 0.15 20–24 1.11 1.03 25–29 2.53 2.35 30–34 3.73 3.43 35–39 4.51 4.13 40–44 5.02 4.52 45–49 5.13 4.54 Total 2.74 2.50
December 2014
0.06 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.09
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
518
Results from the DHS
HEALTH: DISEASE, PREVENTION, AND TREATMENT 9.1 Percentage of children 12 to 23 months of age who have received specific vaccines at any time before the survey, by residence and mother’s educational level Characteristic
Residence Rural Urban Mother’s educational level None Partial or complete primary Secondary (first cycle) Secondary (second cycle or higher) Total
BCG
DPT(3)
Percent receiving vaccines Polio(3) Measles
All vaccines
85.8 70.0 55.0 65.9 45.5 91.8 78.9 58.0 75.9 50.6 85.3 93.5 96.5 99.1 88.3
69.3 53.8 64.9 44.1 79.6 60.1 77.0 54.2 88.8 65.3 84.2 57.8 91.5 62.1 96.6 58.6 73.7 56.2 70.0 47.6
9.2 Percentage of children younger than five years with diarrhea in the two weeks prior to survey, and of those, percentage for whom a health provider was consulted and percentage receiving oral rehydration therapy (ORT), by residence and mother’s educational level Diarrhea in Characteristic past two weeks
Residence Rural Urban Mother’s educational level None Partial or complete primary Secondary (first cycle) Secondary (second cycle or higher) Total
Consulted health provider
ORT therapy ORS Home packets solution
Increased fluids
No treatment
6.2 34.4 47.4 23.0 12.0 19.4 6.5 39.8 53.9 23.7 15.9 19.7 6.2 35.8 49.9 25.9 11.8 19.7 6.8 37.0 47.5 12.0 14.8 17.2 6.3 41.2 52.7 22.9 16.4 23.0 8.2 (38.9) (58.8) (27.3) (31.4) (19.4) 6.3 36.6 50.1 23.3 13.6 19.5
ORS = Oral rehydration salts. NOTE: Figures in parentheses are based on 25–49 unweighted cases.
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
December 2014
519
Benin 2011–12
KNOWLEDGE OF HIV/AIDS 10.1 Percentage of women surveyed who have heard of AIDS and who, when prompted, indicate that they know ways related to sexual behavior to avoid acquiring or transmitting the infection, by selected characteristics
Ways to avoid AIDS Use condoms Limit sex to and limit sex Has heard Use one faithful to one faithful Characteristic of AIDS condoms uninfected partner uninfected partner (Weighted N) Age 15–19 88.6 67.8 76.4 64.5 (2,907) 20–24 90.3 69.8 81.1 67.2 (2,893) 25–29 89.7 67.7 78.8 64.3 (3,201) 30–39 89.0 66.5 78.7 63.6 (4,856) 40–49 90.1 66.8 79.2 63.6 (2,742) Marital status Single 90.7 71.2 80.0 68.2 (3,992) Ever had sex 94.1 77.1 84.9 73.9 (2,133) Never had sex 86.8 64.3 74.3 61.6 (1,859) In union 88.8 66.1 78.1 63.0 (11,680) Divorced/separated/widowed 92.0 70.9 83.0 67.8 (926) Residence Rural 87.1 63.1 75.5 60.0 (8,888) Urban 92.2 72.8 82.7 69.7 (7,711) Education None 85.1 60.1 72.6 56.8 (9,879) Partial or complete primary 94.0 75.1 84.6 71.9 (2,906) Secondary (first cycle) 96.7 79.5 89.0 76.6 (2,505) Secondary (second cycle or higher) 98.3 85.2 93.8 83.0 (1,309) Wealth-index quintile Lowest 77.2 48.1 63.2 45.6 (2,795) Second 86.8 61.8 74.5 58.3 (3,017) Middle 89.5 68.1 78.5 64.5 (3,132) Fourth 94.4 73.7 83.7 70.0 (3,559) Highest 95.4 79.5 88.7 77.2 (4,096) Total 89.5 67.6 78.8 64.5 (16,599)
December 2014
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
520
Results from the DHS
KNOWLEDGE OF HIV/AIDS (continued) 10.2 Percentage of women surveyed who know that HIV/AIDS can be transmitted from mother to child by breastfeeding, and percentage who know that the risk of transmission can be reduced if the mother takes special drugs during pregnancy, by selected characteristics Knows HIV can be transmitted Characteristic by breastfeeding
Age 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–39 40–49 Marital status Single Ever had sex Never had sex In union Divorced/separated/widowed Residence Rural Urban Education None Partial or complete primary Secondary (first cycle) Secondary (second cycle or higher) Wealth-index quintile Lowest Second Middle Fourth Highest Total
Knows risk of MTCT can be reduced with drugs
(Weighted N)
62.6 70.6 72.3 71.8 71.8
44.1 52.5 54.1 52.6 50.5
(2,907) (2,893) (3,201) (4,856) (2,742)
65.6 70.7 59.6 71.5 71.9
50.2 57.1 42.4 51.0 54.4
(3,992) (2,133) (1,859) (11,680) (926)
68.0 72.5
44.9 58.1
(8,888) (7,711)
65.2 74.8 76.5 83.8
43.1 56.3 61.2 79.5
(9,879) (2,906) (2,505) (1,309)
53.5 67.9 70.8 75.5 77.7 70.1
32.9 (2,795) 43.8 (3,017) 46.9 (3,132) 55.8 (3,559) 67.7 (4,096) 51.0 (16,599)
MTCT = Mother-to-child transmission.
REFERENCES Institut National de la Statistique et de l’Analyse Économique (INSAE) and ICF International. 2013. Enquête Démographic et de Santé du Benin. Calverton, MD: INSAE and ICF International. United Nations (UN) Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. 2013. World Population Prospects, 2012 Revision, Volume I: Comprehensive Tables. New York. (Publication ST/ESA/SER.A/336) World Bank. 2013. World Development Report 2014: Risk and Opportunity. Washington, DC.
This information was compiled by the Population Council in cooperation with ICF International from the results of the Benin Demographic and Health Survey 2011–12.
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
December 2014
Copyright of Studies in Family Planning is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use.
Benin 2011–12 Introduction The Benin Demographic and Health Survey 2011–12, or Enquête Démographic et de Santé du Benin, was conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique et de l’Analyse Économique du Ministère du Developpement, de l’Analyse Économique, et de la Prospective, with technical assistance from ICF International. Data for this nationally representative survey were collected from 17,422 households, and complete interviews were conducted with 16,599 women aged 15−49 and 5,180 men aged 15–64. The fieldwork took place from December 2011 to March 2012. The summary statistics presented below were taken from the Benin Demographic and Health Survey 2011–12 (INSAE and ICF International 2013), with exceptions as noted.
OVERVIEW 1.1 General characteristics of the population Percent Characteristic 1980–85 2005–10 change
Demographic Population size (mil.)a 3.7 9.5 +156.8 Crude birth rate (/1,000) 47.2 39.1 –17.2 Crude death rate (/1,000) 18.2 10.3 –43.4 Population growth rate (%/year) 2.9 3.0 +3.4 Life expectancy (years) 48.4 58.2 +20.2 Socioeconomic GNI per capita ($) na — 750b Adult literacy rate c (% aged 15 and older) na — 42 GNI = Gross national income. na = Not available. — = Not applicable. a Figures are for 1980 and 2010. b GNI per capita is given for 2012 (World Bank 2013). c National estimate based on survey data for adult literacy for those aged 15 and older is given for 2005–11 (World Bank 2013). SOURCES: All data except b and c are drawn from World Population Prospects (UN 2013).
1.2 Percentage distribution of women surveyed, by highest educational level attained, according to residence Educational level
None Partial primary Complete primary Partial secondary Complete secondary Higher Total (Weighted N)
©2014 The Population Council, Inc.
Residence Rural Urban
Total
74.9 41.7 59.5 10.3 17.0 13.4 2.9 5.6 4.1 11.4 27.3 18.8 0.4 4.5 2.3 0.1 4.0 1.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 (8,888) (7,711) (16,599)
511
512
Results from the DHS
FERTILITY 2.1 Fertility trends
2.2 Fertility differentials, 2009–12
UN estimate
8
7.0
7.0
6.9
6
Survey estimate
6.6
6.2
6
5.8
5.3
4.9
4 2
Total fertility rate
Total fertility rate
10
0
15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49
2 –1
0
Years prior to survey 0–4 5–9 10–14 15–19
98 126 135 112 236 250 237 211 260 266 260 240 206 234 228 (217) 130 158 (182) — 66 (91) — — (19) — — —
— = Not applicable. NOTES: Age-specific fertility is measured in births per 1,000 women per year in each age group. Numbers in parentheses are partially truncated rates.
3.3
a c b d 1 Mother’s educational level
Rural Urban Residence
1
Key: a = none; b = partial or complete primary; c = secondary (first cycle); d = secondary (second cycle or higher). NOTE: Fertility rates are for the period 1–36 months prior to the survey.
2.4 Differentials in median age at first birth among women aged 25–49 25 20
20.7
20.0
21.9
20.1
21.2
23.1
15
Age
Mother’s age at birth
4.2
2
09
–1
20
05 20
–0
5
0 20
00
00
5
–2
–9
19
95
0
90
–9
19
5
85 19
–8
0
80
–8
19
75 19
2.3 Trends in age-specific fertility
4.6
4.3
4
0
Year
5.6
5.4
10 5 0
All women
Rural Urban Residence
*
a b c d 1 Mother’s educational level
1 Key: a = none; b = partial or complete primary; c = secondary (first cycle); d = secondary (second cycle or higher). *Omitted because less than 50 percent of women in this category gave birth before age 25, and therefore the median is an unknown value greater than 25.
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
December 2014
513
Benin 2011–12
FERTILITY PREFERENCES 3.1 Mean ideal number of children among women surveyed, by age and number of living children
Ideal number of children
7
6.2
6
5.1
5 4 3
3.9
•
• •4.5 •4.9
4.2
•
5.0
•
5.2
•
4.9
4.0
3.8
•
0
1
•
4.2
•
•4.7 •
•5.5
•
2 1 0
15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 Age
3.2 Desire to stop childbearing among currently married women, by number of living children Percentage who want no more (including sterilized women)
100
58
60 37
40 20 2
3
0
1
December 2014
13
45
23
6+ 2 3 4 5 Number of living children (including current pregnancy)
28
6+
3.3 Percentage distribution of births in the five years preceding the survey, by planning status, according to birth order Planning status
80
0
2 3 5 4 Number of living children (including current pregnancy)
Wanted then Wanted later Not desired Missing Total (Weighted N)
Birth order (including current pregnancy) 1 2 3 4+
All
77.1 84.1 84.0 79.0 80.5 20.9 13.0 11.3 9.9 13.0 1.7 2.7 4.6 10.8 6.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 (3,020) (2,948) (2,703) (6,076) (14,747)
Total
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
514
Results from the DHS
CONTRACEPTION 4.1 Percentage of women in union, by method, according to their knowledge and current use of contraceptives Method
Any method Any modern method Female sterilization Male sterilization Pill IUD Injectable Male condom Female condom Implant Emergency contraception Lactational amenorrhea method Other Any traditional method Periodic abstinence Withdrawal Other
Know Currently method using
84.5 82.4 32.0 18.0 63.6 32.4 60.6 74.0 32.7 51.8 17.8 28.5 0.0 48.3 40.5 30.3 5.4
12.9 7.9 0.1 0.0 1.3 0.5 2.0 1.8 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.5 0.6 5.0 2.9 0.8 1.3
na = Not available.
4.2 Percentage distribution of current users of modern contraceptive methods, by most recent source of supply, according to method Method Male Source Pill IUD Injectable Implant condom
Public sector Government hospital Health center Family planning clinic Health agent Social center Mobile clinic Community health worker Automatic condom dispenser Other Private medical sector Hospital/private clinic Private doctor Pharmacy Sectarian hospital BAPF Health agent Other Other source Shop Parents/friends Bar Other Missing Total (Weighted N)
a
Total
37.8 64.3 82.4 70.7 12.3 42.5 5.3 8.9 16.1 14.9 2.2 7.9 17.2 37.2 51.5 42.7 3.6 23.0 11.2 12.4 12.8 12.6 1.5 7.7 0.0 4.2 0.4 0.0 2.4 1.4 2.2 0.0 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.5 1.6 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.5 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.2 43.4 16.7 15.8 16.2 44.9 32.9 1.8 12.1 7.3 6.5 0.3 3.4 0.8 0.0 3.5 1.2 0.9 1.5 38.1 0.0 2.7 0.0 42.3 25.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.4 1.1 1.5 7.7 0.6 1.8 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.9 0.6 0.0 3.5 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.2 18.3 0.0 1.4 0.0 41.0 21.2 16.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 28.7 15.2 2.1 0.0 1.2 0.0 8.0 4.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.2 1.8 0.5 0.0 0.4 2.8 1.8 1.4 0.0 18.9 0.0 10.2 0.0 2.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 (217) (69) (281) (130) (536) (1,427)
BAPF = Beninese Association for the Promotion of Family. Total exceeds sum of 1,233 because it includes users of other modern methods, and excludes users of the lactational amenorrhea method.
a
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
December 2014
515
Benin 2011–12
CONTRACEPTION (continued)
Percentage of women in union reporting current contraceptive use
4.3 Contraceptive prevalence differentials Any method Traditional or folk methods
100
Modern methods
80 60 40 20 0
15
12
15
11
Urban Rural Residence
a
23
20
13 Total
c b d Woman’s educational level1
5 8
1
Key: a = none; b = partial or complete primary; c = secondary (first cycle); d = secondary (second cycle or higher).
4.4 Contraceptive prevalence, by age and number of living children Percentage of women in union reporting current contraceptive use
30 25 20 16
15 10 5 0
•8
•10
•13
12
•
•
16
•
•12
12 7
•
•14
•14
•
15–19 20–24 25–29
30–34 35–39 Age
40–44 45–49
0
1–2 3–4 5+ Number of living children
4.5 Percentage distribution of women in union who are nonusers, by intention to practice contraception in the future, according to number of living children Intention
Intends to use Unsure Does not intend to use Total (Weighted N)
December 2014
Number of living children (including current pregnancy) 0 1 2 3 4+ Total
18.0 27.8 25.0 23.6 23.9 18.3 24.0 23.8 23.2 19.7 63.7 48.2 51.1 53.1 56.4
24.5 21.7 53.8
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 (343) (1,578) (1,920) (1,904) (4,425) (10,170)
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
516
Results from the DHS
MARITAL STATUS 5.1 Percentage distribution of women, by current marital status, according to age Age Marital status 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 Total
Single 85.6 35.5 8.4 3.4 2.2 2.6 2.4 24.1 Married 10.6 46.2 67.7 71.0 72.3 67.8 64.6 54.9 Living together 3.2 15.2 20.2 19.9 18.6 17.1 15.9 15.5 Divorced/separated/widowed 0.6 3.2 3.6 5.7 6.8 12.5 17.0 5.6 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 (Weighted N) (2,907) (2,893) (3,201) (2,693) (2,164) (1,619) (1,123) (16,599)
ASSISTANCE DURING DELIVERY 6.1 Percentage distribution of births in the five years prior to the survey, by type of assistance during delivery, according to residence Type of assistance
Rural
Doctor Nurse Aide/assistant birth attendant Traditional birth attendant Midwife Parents/other No one Total (Weighted N)
Urban
Total
4.2 13.4 7.9 70.7 76.4 73.0 4.3 1.8 3.3 6.1 2.1 4.5 1.0 0.4 0.8 12.1 4.7 9.1 1.2 0.9 1.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 (7,939) (5,252) (13,191)
POSTPARTUM VARIABLES 7.1 Differentials in median duration of breastfeeding among children born in the three years preceding the survey
7.2 Median duration of breastfeeding and postpartum insusceptibility
Median number of months
20
21.7
19.0
21.6
19.7 18.7
20.8 17.1
10
0
Median number of months
30
30
20
a b c d Mother’s educational level1
1
Total
Key: a = none; b = partial or complete primary; c = secondary (first cycle); d = secondary (second cycle or higher).
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
9.4
10
0 Rural Urban Residence
20.8
Any breastfeeding
12.3 7.3
Amenorrhea Abstinence Postpartum status
Insusceptibility1
1
Amenorrhea and/or abstinence.
December 2014
517
Benin 2011–12
INFANT MORTALITY 8.1 Infant mortality trends 200
UN estimates
Infant mortality rate
175 150
134
125
122
113
103
100
92
75
Survey estimate
82
74
50
42
25 19 75 –8 0 19 80 –8 5 19 85 –9 0 19 90 –9 5 19 95 –2 00 0 20 00 –0 5 20 05 –1 0 20 07 –1 2
0
Year
8.2 Infant mortality differentials, 2002–12
Infant mortality rate
80
60 40
49 41
48
40
42 22 (22)
20 0
42
Rural Urban Residence
a
b c d 1 Mother’s educational level
Total 2007–12
1
Key: a = none; b = partial or complete primary; c = secondary (first cycle); d = secondary (second cycle or higher). NOTE: Figure in parentheses is based on less than 250–499 unweighted person-months of exposure.
8.3 Children ever born, children surviving, and ratio of dead to ever born among all women Age of woman
Mean number of children Ever born Surviving
Ratio of dead/ ever born
15–19 0.16 0.15 20–24 1.11 1.03 25–29 2.53 2.35 30–34 3.73 3.43 35–39 4.51 4.13 40–44 5.02 4.52 45–49 5.13 4.54 Total 2.74 2.50
December 2014
0.06 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.09
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
518
Results from the DHS
HEALTH: DISEASE, PREVENTION, AND TREATMENT 9.1 Percentage of children 12 to 23 months of age who have received specific vaccines at any time before the survey, by residence and mother’s educational level Characteristic
Residence Rural Urban Mother’s educational level None Partial or complete primary Secondary (first cycle) Secondary (second cycle or higher) Total
BCG
DPT(3)
Percent receiving vaccines Polio(3) Measles
All vaccines
85.8 70.0 55.0 65.9 45.5 91.8 78.9 58.0 75.9 50.6 85.3 93.5 96.5 99.1 88.3
69.3 53.8 64.9 44.1 79.6 60.1 77.0 54.2 88.8 65.3 84.2 57.8 91.5 62.1 96.6 58.6 73.7 56.2 70.0 47.6
9.2 Percentage of children younger than five years with diarrhea in the two weeks prior to survey, and of those, percentage for whom a health provider was consulted and percentage receiving oral rehydration therapy (ORT), by residence and mother’s educational level Diarrhea in Characteristic past two weeks
Residence Rural Urban Mother’s educational level None Partial or complete primary Secondary (first cycle) Secondary (second cycle or higher) Total
Consulted health provider
ORT therapy ORS Home packets solution
Increased fluids
No treatment
6.2 34.4 47.4 23.0 12.0 19.4 6.5 39.8 53.9 23.7 15.9 19.7 6.2 35.8 49.9 25.9 11.8 19.7 6.8 37.0 47.5 12.0 14.8 17.2 6.3 41.2 52.7 22.9 16.4 23.0 8.2 (38.9) (58.8) (27.3) (31.4) (19.4) 6.3 36.6 50.1 23.3 13.6 19.5
ORS = Oral rehydration salts. NOTE: Figures in parentheses are based on 25–49 unweighted cases.
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
December 2014
519
Benin 2011–12
KNOWLEDGE OF HIV/AIDS 10.1 Percentage of women surveyed who have heard of AIDS and who, when prompted, indicate that they know ways related to sexual behavior to avoid acquiring or transmitting the infection, by selected characteristics
Ways to avoid AIDS Use condoms Limit sex to and limit sex Has heard Use one faithful to one faithful Characteristic of AIDS condoms uninfected partner uninfected partner (Weighted N) Age 15–19 88.6 67.8 76.4 64.5 (2,907) 20–24 90.3 69.8 81.1 67.2 (2,893) 25–29 89.7 67.7 78.8 64.3 (3,201) 30–39 89.0 66.5 78.7 63.6 (4,856) 40–49 90.1 66.8 79.2 63.6 (2,742) Marital status Single 90.7 71.2 80.0 68.2 (3,992) Ever had sex 94.1 77.1 84.9 73.9 (2,133) Never had sex 86.8 64.3 74.3 61.6 (1,859) In union 88.8 66.1 78.1 63.0 (11,680) Divorced/separated/widowed 92.0 70.9 83.0 67.8 (926) Residence Rural 87.1 63.1 75.5 60.0 (8,888) Urban 92.2 72.8 82.7 69.7 (7,711) Education None 85.1 60.1 72.6 56.8 (9,879) Partial or complete primary 94.0 75.1 84.6 71.9 (2,906) Secondary (first cycle) 96.7 79.5 89.0 76.6 (2,505) Secondary (second cycle or higher) 98.3 85.2 93.8 83.0 (1,309) Wealth-index quintile Lowest 77.2 48.1 63.2 45.6 (2,795) Second 86.8 61.8 74.5 58.3 (3,017) Middle 89.5 68.1 78.5 64.5 (3,132) Fourth 94.4 73.7 83.7 70.0 (3,559) Highest 95.4 79.5 88.7 77.2 (4,096) Total 89.5 67.6 78.8 64.5 (16,599)
December 2014
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
520
Results from the DHS
KNOWLEDGE OF HIV/AIDS (continued) 10.2 Percentage of women surveyed who know that HIV/AIDS can be transmitted from mother to child by breastfeeding, and percentage who know that the risk of transmission can be reduced if the mother takes special drugs during pregnancy, by selected characteristics Knows HIV can be transmitted Characteristic by breastfeeding
Age 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–39 40–49 Marital status Single Ever had sex Never had sex In union Divorced/separated/widowed Residence Rural Urban Education None Partial or complete primary Secondary (first cycle) Secondary (second cycle or higher) Wealth-index quintile Lowest Second Middle Fourth Highest Total
Knows risk of MTCT can be reduced with drugs
(Weighted N)
62.6 70.6 72.3 71.8 71.8
44.1 52.5 54.1 52.6 50.5
(2,907) (2,893) (3,201) (4,856) (2,742)
65.6 70.7 59.6 71.5 71.9
50.2 57.1 42.4 51.0 54.4
(3,992) (2,133) (1,859) (11,680) (926)
68.0 72.5
44.9 58.1
(8,888) (7,711)
65.2 74.8 76.5 83.8
43.1 56.3 61.2 79.5
(9,879) (2,906) (2,505) (1,309)
53.5 67.9 70.8 75.5 77.7 70.1
32.9 (2,795) 43.8 (3,017) 46.9 (3,132) 55.8 (3,559) 67.7 (4,096) 51.0 (16,599)
MTCT = Mother-to-child transmission.
REFERENCES Institut National de la Statistique et de l’Analyse Économique (INSAE) and ICF International. 2013. Enquête Démographic et de Santé du Benin. Calverton, MD: INSAE and ICF International. United Nations (UN) Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. 2013. World Population Prospects, 2012 Revision, Volume I: Comprehensive Tables. New York. (Publication ST/ESA/SER.A/336) World Bank. 2013. World Development Report 2014: Risk and Opportunity. Washington, DC.
This information was compiled by the Population Council in cooperation with ICF International from the results of the Benin Demographic and Health Survey 2011–12.
Studies in Family Planning 45(4)
December 2014
Copyright of Studies in Family Planning is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use.
