Contraception 46:221-226,
COMPARISON
1992
OF TWO
UTERINE
CAVITY-SHAPED
Zeng Qing Gu , Chief Physician, Obstetrics
and Gynecology,
Area People’s Hospital, The following
investigators
Department
Nan -Tong
IUDs
of
Mining
Chongqing , China
and medical units were involved in the clinical study of this trial
Dr. Zhou,
M. J. Department
of Family Planning,
Dr. Tong,
H. S. Department
of Obstetrics
Chongqing
and Gynecology,
Medical College, Nan-Tong
:
China
Mining Bureau Medical
Centre , Chongqing , China Dr. Zeng ,C. Y. Chengtu Family Planning Dr. Deng, Y. L. Department Sichuan,
Guiding Clinic,
of Obstetrics
Sichuan
and Gynecology,
, China
Chengtu
No 7 People’s Hospital,
China
Dr. Deng,A.
Department
tal , Sichuan,
of Obstetics and Gynecology,
Zi-Gong
Municipal First People’s Hospi-
China
Dr. Chong , Y. L. Chongqing Dr. Yang ,Z. Y. Yu-Zou Dr. Cheng,Y.
L. Ging-lin
Chongqing , China
Building Worker’s Hospital,
Factory
Hospital,
Factory
Dr. Cheng Z. L. Nan-Tong
China
Hospital,
China
Town Hospital,
Chongqing,
China
AFSTRACT For the purpose of lowering (first generation
the pregnancy
UCD) and maintaining
(second generation
rate (0.3
the other cumulative not significantly
the copper-plated
UCD or UCDcu) was designed. A randomized
with the UCDcu and UCD have been analyzed pregnancy
rate of the uterine cavity-shaped
its advantages,
per 100 women)
use-effectiveness
removals for bleeding and pain,
for the two IUDs, p>O.
IUD
study in ten centres
The UCDcu had a significantly
than the UCD (2. 9 per 100 women),
rates such as expulsion,
different
at twelve months.
stainless steel IUD
uterine cavity-shaped
po.
Bleeding and pain
1. 5
1. 4
1. 5
1. 4
0. 0
>O. 25
Other medical
0. 6
0. 2
0. 6
0. 2
0
0
0
0
o.
05
0. 5
0. 4
0. 5
0. 4
0. 1
=o.
75
Other Personal
1.9
1. 0
1.9
1.0
2.7
>o.
1
Released from study
0. I
0
0. 1
0
Planning
pregancy
6. 0
Related terminations Continuation
The results of this investigation cu group
pain,
(0. 3) was significantly
91.9
indicated that the pregnancy
lower than the pregnancy
, p
GPT(u) BUN(mg) Cr(mg)
Although and Zn++
the surface
in serum
normal
normal
normal
normal
13.5
12. 2
9. 1
9. 7
11. I
1. 2
1.2
1. 1
1. 2
1. 0
area of copper in the UCDcu is large,
(except
it neither increased
the level of Cu+ +
Zn++ value at 6 months slightly elevated ) nor affected
liver and renal
function. Copper corrosion ious reasons days.
of the medium-sized
by balance
The average
method.
weight of copper corrosion
cases with the UCDcu were obtained pregnancy, IUD.
and 1 for personal
reason.
polymorphonucleat
leucocytes
was 107. 4 ug/per
day.
Endometrial
due to abnormal
All the biopsies were performed causing superficial
and mononuclear
below the IUD site and microthrombi
in the devices removed for var-
time of these devices in the uterus
1 11 were terminated
The UCDcu eroded the endometrium
genic changes
UCDcu was also determined
The mean retention
bleeding,
and plasma cells. Extensive
15
3 for planning
at the time of removal
chronic endometritis,
and fibrin coagulation
was 221. 6
biopsy from
of the
with infiltration
hemorrhage
of
in the stroma
in blood vessels were found.
No carcino-
were found. DISCUSSION
For the purpose of improving ed UCD (UCDcu) been analyzed
was designed.
on the pregnancy A randomized
at 12 months in ten centres.
for the UCDcu (0. 3 per 100 women) 100 women) Whereas, pain, 05.
other medical, Although
planning
the surface
indicate
difference
between
pregnancy
and other personal
users and should cause no toxic manifestation,
relatively pregnancy achieved
stable
Usually, (5).
after two years of insertion,
low level,
both high continuation
face area of copper.
Many
without
rate
p 0.
of copper ions released
liver or renal function.
by adults
(4).
absorbed.
Nutri-
so it is safe for the The weight of the
of copper can release copper ions for more
the use-effectiveness
of the IUD has become
that the use of copper on the UCDreduces
increasing
and very low pregnancy
Chinese investigators
removals
the amount
even if it is completely
The results of this study revealed
rate to a very
the two types of IUDs,
the serum copper levels nor damaged
that 2000 to 5000 ug daily of copper is required
pregnancy
rate for the UCD (2. 9 per
were not significantly
area of copper in the UCDcu is large,
copper layer on the UCDcu is 150 to 180 mg. This quantity than three years.
that the gross cumulative
rates related to IUD use. such as expulsion,
from the UCDcu neither increased tionists
The data indicated
UCD, the copper-plat-
study with the UCDcu and UCD has
was much lower than the pregnancy
+ there was a very significant
the other termination
rate of the first generation
use-effectiveness
the other
termination
rates.
the
The UCDcu
rates due to its special shape and large sur-
believe that many sizes of IUDs are necessary,
the
226
Contraception
author agrees with their view. So,
we designed three different sizes of devices
ties. The two devices under investigation
were less than that defined as menorrhagia, long-term
for various uterine cavi-
increased MBL at all intervals studied (Table MBL exceeding
80 ml (6).
Iv ) , but all
MBL decreases following
use. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The author is grateful to Dr. Xiao Bi Lian, Family Planning,
Beijing, China,
the director of the National Research Institute for
for her concern and revision of the manuscript. REFERENCES
1. Zeng Qing Gu et al. A comparison steel single ring.Prac 2.
Tietze C,
Lewit
J O&et
Gynec 1986;
stainless steel IUD and stainless
2: 166
S. Recommended procedures for the statistical evaluation of intrauterine
tion. Stud Fam Plann 1973; 3. Hallberg
between uterine cavity-shaped
L, Nilsson
contracep
4:35.
L. Determination
of menstrual
blood loss. Stand J Clin Lab Invest 1964;
16:244. 4. Tatum 1973;
H. J. et al. Metallic copper as an intrauterine
5. The Second Clinical Group of National study of three typs
IUD Research.
of IUD (2 years follow-up).Reprod
6. Xiao Bi Lian et al.Measurement 160.
contraceptive
agent.
Am J Obstet Gynecol
117,602. A randomized Contracep 1987;
of menstrual blood loss. Chinese J
multicentre 7 :39-
comparative
47.
Obst Gynecol 1980;
15 : 59 -
COMPARISON
1992
OF TWO
UTERINE
CAVITY-SHAPED
Zeng Qing Gu , Chief Physician, Obstetrics
and Gynecology,
Area People’s Hospital, The following
investigators
Department
Nan -Tong
IUDs
of
Mining
Chongqing , China
and medical units were involved in the clinical study of this trial
Dr. Zhou,
M. J. Department
of Family Planning,
Dr. Tong,
H. S. Department
of Obstetrics
Chongqing
and Gynecology,
Medical College, Nan-Tong
:
China
Mining Bureau Medical
Centre , Chongqing , China Dr. Zeng ,C. Y. Chengtu Family Planning Dr. Deng, Y. L. Department Sichuan,
Guiding Clinic,
of Obstetrics
Sichuan
and Gynecology,
, China
Chengtu
No 7 People’s Hospital,
China
Dr. Deng,A.
Department
tal , Sichuan,
of Obstetics and Gynecology,
Zi-Gong
Municipal First People’s Hospi-
China
Dr. Chong , Y. L. Chongqing Dr. Yang ,Z. Y. Yu-Zou Dr. Cheng,Y.
L. Ging-lin
Chongqing , China
Building Worker’s Hospital,
Factory
Hospital,
Factory
Dr. Cheng Z. L. Nan-Tong
China
Hospital,
China
Town Hospital,
Chongqing,
China
AFSTRACT For the purpose of lowering (first generation
the pregnancy
UCD) and maintaining
(second generation
rate (0.3
the other cumulative not significantly
the copper-plated
UCD or UCDcu) was designed. A randomized
with the UCDcu and UCD have been analyzed pregnancy
rate of the uterine cavity-shaped
its advantages,
per 100 women)
use-effectiveness
removals for bleeding and pain,
for the two IUDs, p>O.
IUD
study in ten centres
The UCDcu had a significantly
than the UCD (2. 9 per 100 women),
rates such as expulsion,
different
at twelve months.
stainless steel IUD
uterine cavity-shaped
po.
Bleeding and pain
1. 5
1. 4
1. 5
1. 4
0. 0
>O. 25
Other medical
0. 6
0. 2
0. 6
0. 2
0
0
0
0
o.
05
0. 5
0. 4
0. 5
0. 4
0. 1
=o.
75
Other Personal
1.9
1. 0
1.9
1.0
2.7
>o.
1
Released from study
0. I
0
0. 1
0
Planning
pregancy
6. 0
Related terminations Continuation
The results of this investigation cu group
pain,
(0. 3) was significantly
91.9
indicated that the pregnancy
lower than the pregnancy
, p
GPT(u) BUN(mg) Cr(mg)
Although and Zn++
the surface
in serum
normal
normal
normal
normal
13.5
12. 2
9. 1
9. 7
11. I
1. 2
1.2
1. 1
1. 2
1. 0
area of copper in the UCDcu is large,
(except
it neither increased
the level of Cu+ +
Zn++ value at 6 months slightly elevated ) nor affected
liver and renal
function. Copper corrosion ious reasons days.
of the medium-sized
by balance
The average
method.
weight of copper corrosion
cases with the UCDcu were obtained pregnancy, IUD.
and 1 for personal
reason.
polymorphonucleat
leucocytes
was 107. 4 ug/per
day.
Endometrial
due to abnormal
All the biopsies were performed causing superficial
and mononuclear
below the IUD site and microthrombi
in the devices removed for var-
time of these devices in the uterus
1 11 were terminated
The UCDcu eroded the endometrium
genic changes
UCDcu was also determined
The mean retention
bleeding,
and plasma cells. Extensive
15
3 for planning
at the time of removal
chronic endometritis,
and fibrin coagulation
was 221. 6
biopsy from
of the
with infiltration
hemorrhage
of
in the stroma
in blood vessels were found.
No carcino-
were found. DISCUSSION
For the purpose of improving ed UCD (UCDcu) been analyzed
was designed.
on the pregnancy A randomized
at 12 months in ten centres.
for the UCDcu (0. 3 per 100 women) 100 women) Whereas, pain, 05.
other medical, Although
planning
the surface
indicate
difference
between
pregnancy
and other personal
users and should cause no toxic manifestation,
relatively pregnancy achieved
stable
Usually, (5).
after two years of insertion,
low level,
both high continuation
face area of copper.
Many
without
rate
p 0.
of copper ions released
liver or renal function.
by adults
(4).
absorbed.
Nutri-
so it is safe for the The weight of the
of copper can release copper ions for more
the use-effectiveness
of the IUD has become
that the use of copper on the UCDreduces
increasing
and very low pregnancy
Chinese investigators
removals
the amount
even if it is completely
The results of this study revealed
rate to a very
the two types of IUDs,
the serum copper levels nor damaged
that 2000 to 5000 ug daily of copper is required
pregnancy
rate for the UCD (2. 9 per
were not significantly
area of copper in the UCDcu is large,
copper layer on the UCDcu is 150 to 180 mg. This quantity than three years.
that the gross cumulative
rates related to IUD use. such as expulsion,
from the UCDcu neither increased tionists
The data indicated
UCD, the copper-plat-
study with the UCDcu and UCD has
was much lower than the pregnancy
+ there was a very significant
the other termination
rate of the first generation
use-effectiveness
the other
termination
rates.
the
The UCDcu
rates due to its special shape and large sur-
believe that many sizes of IUDs are necessary,
the
226
Contraception
author agrees with their view. So,
we designed three different sizes of devices
ties. The two devices under investigation
were less than that defined as menorrhagia, long-term
for various uterine cavi-
increased MBL at all intervals studied (Table MBL exceeding
80 ml (6).
Iv ) , but all
MBL decreases following
use. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The author is grateful to Dr. Xiao Bi Lian, Family Planning,
Beijing, China,
the director of the National Research Institute for
for her concern and revision of the manuscript. REFERENCES
1. Zeng Qing Gu et al. A comparison steel single ring.Prac 2.
Tietze C,
Lewit
J O&et
Gynec 1986;
stainless steel IUD and stainless
2: 166
S. Recommended procedures for the statistical evaluation of intrauterine
tion. Stud Fam Plann 1973; 3. Hallberg
between uterine cavity-shaped
L, Nilsson
contracep
4:35.
L. Determination
of menstrual
blood loss. Stand J Clin Lab Invest 1964;
16:244. 4. Tatum 1973;
H. J. et al. Metallic copper as an intrauterine
5. The Second Clinical Group of National study of three typs
IUD Research.
of IUD (2 years follow-up).Reprod
6. Xiao Bi Lian et al.Measurement 160.
contraceptive
agent.
Am J Obstet Gynecol
117,602. A randomized Contracep 1987;
of menstrual blood loss. Chinese J
multicentre 7 :39-
comparative
47.
Obst Gynecol 1980;
15 : 59 -
