RESEARCH ARTICLE
Development and Application of the Chinese (Mainland) Version of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire to Assess the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Yanli Liu☯, Sai Zhang¤☯, Yali Zhao, Juan Du, Guanghui Jin, Shuang Shao, Xiaoqin Lu* Department of General Practice, School of General Practice & Continuing Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. ¤ Current Address: Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City410008, Hunan Province, China * [email protected]
Abstract OPEN ACCESS Citation: Liu Y, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Du J, Jin G, Shao S, et al. (2016) Development and Application of the Chinese (Mainland) Version of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire to Assess the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B. PLoS ONE 11(9): e0162763. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0162763 Editor: Sheng-Nan Lu, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, TAIWAN Received: May 23, 2016 Accepted: August 29, 2016 Published: September 15, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Funding: "The authors received no specific funding for this work. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Objective To develop the Chinese (Mainland) version of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ) and use it to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients in China and identify the determinants of HRQoL.
Methods The Chinese (Mainland) CLDQ was developed by expert consultation, focus group interviews with patients, and pilot study. The final version of questionnaire was adopted to assess the HRQoL of chronic hepatitis B outpatients enrolled from two largest infectious hospitals in Beijing. Cronbach’ s alpha was used to measure the internal consistency reliability. The construct validity was measured by factor analysis. T-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multi-variable linear regression were used to analyze the data.
Results Cronbach’s alpha of the overall CLDQ is 0.935, ranging from 0.628 to o.881 among six subscales. Six factors were identified via factor analysis, including a new factor sleeping(SL). A total of 519 patients with CHB were included in the investigation with the final version of questionnaire, 405 of them were only with CHB, 53 with compensated cirrhosis, and 61 with decompensated cirrhosis. The CHB group scored the highest in the overall score of CLDQ (p
Development and Application of the Chinese (Mainland) Version of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire to Assess the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Yanli Liu☯, Sai Zhang¤☯, Yali Zhao, Juan Du, Guanghui Jin, Shuang Shao, Xiaoqin Lu* Department of General Practice, School of General Practice & Continuing Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
a11111
☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. ¤ Current Address: Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City410008, Hunan Province, China * [email protected]
Abstract OPEN ACCESS Citation: Liu Y, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Du J, Jin G, Shao S, et al. (2016) Development and Application of the Chinese (Mainland) Version of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire to Assess the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B. PLoS ONE 11(9): e0162763. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0162763 Editor: Sheng-Nan Lu, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, TAIWAN Received: May 23, 2016 Accepted: August 29, 2016 Published: September 15, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Funding: "The authors received no specific funding for this work. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Objective To develop the Chinese (Mainland) version of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ) and use it to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients in China and identify the determinants of HRQoL.
Methods The Chinese (Mainland) CLDQ was developed by expert consultation, focus group interviews with patients, and pilot study. The final version of questionnaire was adopted to assess the HRQoL of chronic hepatitis B outpatients enrolled from two largest infectious hospitals in Beijing. Cronbach’ s alpha was used to measure the internal consistency reliability. The construct validity was measured by factor analysis. T-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multi-variable linear regression were used to analyze the data.
Results Cronbach’s alpha of the overall CLDQ is 0.935, ranging from 0.628 to o.881 among six subscales. Six factors were identified via factor analysis, including a new factor sleeping(SL). A total of 519 patients with CHB were included in the investigation with the final version of questionnaire, 405 of them were only with CHB, 53 with compensated cirrhosis, and 61 with decompensated cirrhosis. The CHB group scored the highest in the overall score of CLDQ (p
