HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author Manuscript
Br J Nutr. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 February 28. Published in final edited form as: Br J Nutr. 2016 February 28; 115(4): 694–702. doi:10.1017/S0007114515004882.
Dietary carbohydrate intake, glycemic load, glycemic index and ovarian cancer risk in African-American women Bo Qin1,*, Patricia G. Moorman2, Anthony J. Alberg3, Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan4, Melissa Bondy5, Michelle L. Cote6, Ellen Funkhouser7, Edward S. Peters8, Ann G. Schwartz6, Paul Terry9, Joellen M. Schildkraut2,10, and Elisa V. Bandera1 1Department
of Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ,
Author Manuscript
USA 2Department
of Community and Family Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
3Hollings
Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
4Case
Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
5Cancer
Prevention and Population Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA 6Department
Author Manuscript
of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
7Division
of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
8Epidemiology
Program, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
9Departments
of Public Health and Surgery, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN,
USA 10Department
of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
Abstract
Author Manuscript
Epidemiologic evidence regarding the association between carbohydrate intake, glycemic load and glycemic index and risk of ovarian cancer has been mixed. Little is known about their impact on ovarian cancer risk in African-American women. Associations between carbohydrate quantity and quality and ovarian cancer risk were investigated among 406 cases and 609 controls using data from the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES). AACES is an ongoing population-based case-control study of ovarian cancer in African Americans in the US. Cases were
*
Corresponding author: Bo Qin, Ph.D., Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, 5549-21, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, [email protected], Phone: 732-235-9439, Fax: 732-235-8808. Authorship: B. Q. and E. V. B.: study design and formulating the research question; P. G. M., A. J. A., J. S. B-S, M. B., M. L. C., E. F., E. S. P., A. G. S., P. T., J. M. S. and E. V. B.: data acquisition; B. Q.: data analysis; B. Q. and E. V. B.: drafting the paper; B. Q.: primary responsibility for final content; and all authors critically revised the paper and approved the final version of the manuscript. Conflict of interest: None.
Qin et al.
Page 2
Author Manuscript
identified through rapid case ascertainment and age- and site-matched controls were identified by random-digit-dialing. Dietary information over the year preceding diagnosis or the reference date was obtained using a food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for covariates. The ORs comparing the highest quartile of total carbohydrate intake and total sugars intake versus the lowest quartile were 1.57 (95% CI 1.08, 2.28; p-trend=0.03) and 1.61 (95% CI 1.12, 2.30; ptrend10%: parity (0, 1-2, >2), oral contraceptive use (never,
Br J Nutr. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 February 28. Published in final edited form as: Br J Nutr. 2016 February 28; 115(4): 694–702. doi:10.1017/S0007114515004882.
Dietary carbohydrate intake, glycemic load, glycemic index and ovarian cancer risk in African-American women Bo Qin1,*, Patricia G. Moorman2, Anthony J. Alberg3, Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan4, Melissa Bondy5, Michelle L. Cote6, Ellen Funkhouser7, Edward S. Peters8, Ann G. Schwartz6, Paul Terry9, Joellen M. Schildkraut2,10, and Elisa V. Bandera1 1Department
of Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ,
Author Manuscript
USA 2Department
of Community and Family Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
3Hollings
Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
4Case
Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
5Cancer
Prevention and Population Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA 6Department
Author Manuscript
of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
7Division
of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
8Epidemiology
Program, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
9Departments
of Public Health and Surgery, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN,
USA 10Department
of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
Abstract
Author Manuscript
Epidemiologic evidence regarding the association between carbohydrate intake, glycemic load and glycemic index and risk of ovarian cancer has been mixed. Little is known about their impact on ovarian cancer risk in African-American women. Associations between carbohydrate quantity and quality and ovarian cancer risk were investigated among 406 cases and 609 controls using data from the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES). AACES is an ongoing population-based case-control study of ovarian cancer in African Americans in the US. Cases were
*
Corresponding author: Bo Qin, Ph.D., Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, 5549-21, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, [email protected], Phone: 732-235-9439, Fax: 732-235-8808. Authorship: B. Q. and E. V. B.: study design and formulating the research question; P. G. M., A. J. A., J. S. B-S, M. B., M. L. C., E. F., E. S. P., A. G. S., P. T., J. M. S. and E. V. B.: data acquisition; B. Q.: data analysis; B. Q. and E. V. B.: drafting the paper; B. Q.: primary responsibility for final content; and all authors critically revised the paper and approved the final version of the manuscript. Conflict of interest: None.
Qin et al.
Page 2
Author Manuscript
identified through rapid case ascertainment and age- and site-matched controls were identified by random-digit-dialing. Dietary information over the year preceding diagnosis or the reference date was obtained using a food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for covariates. The ORs comparing the highest quartile of total carbohydrate intake and total sugars intake versus the lowest quartile were 1.57 (95% CI 1.08, 2.28; p-trend=0.03) and 1.61 (95% CI 1.12, 2.30; ptrend10%: parity (0, 1-2, >2), oral contraceptive use (never,
