818
KIM BJ et al.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Circulation Journal Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society http://www. j-circ.or.jp
Ischemic Heart Disease
Echocardiographic Epicardial Fat Thickness Is Associated With Coronary Artery Calcification – Results From the CAESAR Study – Byung Jin Kim, MD, PhD; Bum Soo Kim, MD, PhD; Jin Ho Kang, MD, PhD
Background: Few studies have addressed the relationship between echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness (EFT) and coronary artery calcification in an apparently healthy Asian population, and those that have, are inconsistent. Methods and Results: A total of 2,299 individuals (1,871 men; mean age, 45±8.9 years) were enrolled in the CArdiometabolic risk, Epicardial fat, and Subclinical Atherosclerosis Registry (CAESAR) study and underwent CT for measurement of coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and echocardiography for EFT. According to EFT quartiles, the prevalence of CAC >0 was 8.3%, 16.8%, 24.6%, and 28.3% in the lowest, second, third, and highest EFT quartiles, respectively (P4.04 mm. Comparisons of the characteristics between the 2 CACS groups were assessed using either Student’s t-test or Chisquared test. Differences in characteristics among the EFT quartile groups were determined using 1-way ANOVA or the Chi-squared test. Association between EFT and CACS was identified using Pearson’s correlation analysis. Multivariate linear or logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the effect of EFT quartile or absolute EFT on the absolute values of CACS or CAC >0 group. Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, lifestyle status (alcohol drinking and smoking status), body mass index (BMI), and SBP. Model 2 was adjusted for model 1 and total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, serum fasting glucose, HbA1c, and hsCRP, which were variables with significant univariate relationships (P0 according to EFT quartiles was as follows: 8.3% (n=48), 16.8% (n=96), 24.6% (n=143), and 28.3% (n=161) in the lowest, second, third, and highest quartiles, respectively (P0 (n=448)
P-value†
43.8±8.2
51.0±9.3
KIM BJ et al.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Circulation Journal Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society http://www. j-circ.or.jp
Ischemic Heart Disease
Echocardiographic Epicardial Fat Thickness Is Associated With Coronary Artery Calcification – Results From the CAESAR Study – Byung Jin Kim, MD, PhD; Bum Soo Kim, MD, PhD; Jin Ho Kang, MD, PhD
Background: Few studies have addressed the relationship between echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness (EFT) and coronary artery calcification in an apparently healthy Asian population, and those that have, are inconsistent. Methods and Results: A total of 2,299 individuals (1,871 men; mean age, 45±8.9 years) were enrolled in the CArdiometabolic risk, Epicardial fat, and Subclinical Atherosclerosis Registry (CAESAR) study and underwent CT for measurement of coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and echocardiography for EFT. According to EFT quartiles, the prevalence of CAC >0 was 8.3%, 16.8%, 24.6%, and 28.3% in the lowest, second, third, and highest EFT quartiles, respectively (P4.04 mm. Comparisons of the characteristics between the 2 CACS groups were assessed using either Student’s t-test or Chisquared test. Differences in characteristics among the EFT quartile groups were determined using 1-way ANOVA or the Chi-squared test. Association between EFT and CACS was identified using Pearson’s correlation analysis. Multivariate linear or logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the effect of EFT quartile or absolute EFT on the absolute values of CACS or CAC >0 group. Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, lifestyle status (alcohol drinking and smoking status), body mass index (BMI), and SBP. Model 2 was adjusted for model 1 and total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, serum fasting glucose, HbA1c, and hsCRP, which were variables with significant univariate relationships (P0 according to EFT quartiles was as follows: 8.3% (n=48), 16.8% (n=96), 24.6% (n=143), and 28.3% (n=161) in the lowest, second, third, and highest quartiles, respectively (P0 (n=448)
P-value†
43.8±8.2
51.0±9.3
