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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ISSN 1001-0742 CN 11-2629/X
Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013, 25(Suppl.) S50–S53
www.jesc.ac.cn
Effect of stress corrosion cracking at various strain rates on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy Zhan Yu1 , Dongying Ju2,3, ∗, Hongyang Zhao3 1. Graduate School of Saitama Institute of Technology, Fusaiji 1690, Fukaya, Saitama 369-0293, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] 2. Department of Material Science and Engineering, Saitama Institute of Technology, Fusaiji 1690, Fukaya, Saitama 369-0293, Japan 3. Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
Abstract This study is aimed to determine the effect of stress corrosion with low strain rates on the electrochemical properties of alloy electrode. Stress corrosion cracking tests of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy in 3.5 wt.% sodium chloride solutions at 25°C were performed. The effects of the electrochemical properties under the stress corrosion with low strain rates were investigated. The microstructures of cross section were observed by optical microscope. The results showed that the ultimate tensile strengths of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy increased and the strain decreased as the strain rates increased. Open circuit potentials (OCP) of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy electrode possess stability and the loop currents (LC) were improved with the increasing of stress in the elastic zone. The variation of OCP and LC did not change with the increasing of strain-rate. The microstructure of cross section observing revealed the mechanism of OCP and LC changing Key words: Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy; various strain rates; electrochemical corrosion behaviour
Introduction In recent years, special attention has been given the Mg alloys, as these are the lightest practical metallic materials. Since they also have good castability and machinability, Mg alloys have been mostly used as cast products in aerospace and automobile applications (Salman et al., 2010; Cao et al., 2007). Moreover, Mg alloys has been used in various batteries as the electrode materials due to their electrochemical properties such as negative open circuit potentials (OCP) values and high loop currents (LC) values. As the structural materials, the properties of Mg alloys could be deteriorated by stress corrosion cracking (SCC). However, the effects of stress improve the electrochemical activities of Mg alloy anodes. The investigation of SCC is becoming a major issue in various applications of Mg alloys. Wang et al. (2008) studied the stress corrosion cracking behavior of AZ91 alloy in 0.1 kmol/m3 Na2 SO4 solution using slow strain rate test. Uchida et al. (2008) studied susceptibility of stress corrosion cracking of AZ31B alloy by slow strain-rate technique. Furthermore, Cheng et al. (2010) studied microstructure and strain rate sensitivity of Mg-11Li-3Al-1Ca alloy. In order to improve the electrochemical properties of Mg alloys, in our previous works, we developed a new Mg alloy anode material called Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy by adding * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
the elements Zn, In and Sn into commercial Mg alloy AZ91 (Yu et al., 2011). It has been confirmed that OCP of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy was more negative and LC was higher than that of AZ91. Furthermore, the effects of stress on the electrochemical corrosion behaviors of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy anode were evaluated by our subsequent work. However, the cooperation of electrochemical properties and SCC were rarely studied in previous references. Therefore, the strain rate sensitivity of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy and the effect of SCC at various strain rates on the electrochemical behaviour are investigated in the present article.
1 Experimental 1.1 Materials The material used was rolled Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy sheet of 0.5 mm in thickness. Its chemical composition (mass%) 10.16 Al, 0.78 Zn, 0.88 In, 1.85 Sn, 0.27 Mn and balance Mg. The sheet was annealed at 400°C for 1 hr and cut by a wire cutting apparatus (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation W11FX2K, Japan) (Yu et al., 2010). 1.2 SCC test and electrochemical measurement The schematic diagram of SCC specimen is shown in Fig. 1. The SCC test using a tensile tester (Shimatsu Autograph AG-300KNG, Japan) was performed with 0.1 mm/min (i.e., strain rate 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 ) and 1 mm/min
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Effect of stress corrosion cracking at various strain rates on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy
Mg-Zn-In-Sn anode
σ (MPa)
Electrometer
Platinum cathode
200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20
a b c d e f
00
Fig. 1
Schematic illustration of stress corrosion apparatus.
(i.e., strain rate 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 ) at room temperature. Simultaneously, OCP and LC measurements were performed in the 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature. For all the electrochemical measurements, a two-electrode electrochemical cell was used, with Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy specimen as the anode and standard hydrogen cathode (Yu et al., 2012). 1.3 Morphological observation
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2
4
6 8 10 12 ε (%) Fig. 2 Stress-strain curves of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy with strain rates of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 . (line a): tensile; (line b): open circuit potentials (OCP) measurement; (line c): loop currents (LC) measurement; strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 /sec (line d): tensile; (line e): OCP measurement; (line f): LC measurement. Table 1 Values of elongation and UTS Strain rate (sec−1 )
No. 1 2 3 5 6
6.4 × 10−5 6.4 × 10−4
UTS (MPa)
Longation (%)
166.93 151.65 128.52 167.26 163.49
10.25 6.04 2.04 0.72 0.66
After SCC test, the specimens were cleaned with acetone solution for 5 min using an ultrasonic cleaner (Honda W113). Then the cross section morphologies of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy were investigated via optical microscope (Keyence VHX-1000, Japan).
UTS: ultimate tensile strength.
2 Results and discussion
Figure 3 shows the OCP measurement curves of MgZn-In-Sn alloy anode under the stress with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 and 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 . The OCP values of alloy anode have no negative removals with increasing of stresses. The variation of OCP values is not consistent with the results in our previous publication (Yu et al., 2012), because the strain rates are low, the effect of stresses cannot catch up with the self-corrosion reaction. However, the variation of OCP values is stable during SCC by the effect of stress, which is not so obvious deterioration as the result with no stress. And the values of OCP are not influenced by the strain rate under the stress corrosion with low strain rate. Therefore the results investigate that the stability of
Figure 2 shows the stress-strain curves of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy with various strain rates at room temperature. Table 1 shows the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation values of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy. The results indicate that Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy exhibits 7.2% higher UTS with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 than the one with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 /sec. But the elongation of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 is 10 times better than the one with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 , as shown in Fig. 2 line a and d. The deterioration of mechanical properties with strain rate 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 reveals obvious influence of corrosion under OCP and LC measurements, as shown in Fig. 2 lines b and c. The UTS and elongation of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy decrease under OCP measurement due to self-corrosion in the solution. And the mechanical properties deteriorate under LC measurement because of the generating of corrosion current. The UTS and elongation of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloys with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 exhibit the same variation by the influence of corrosion, as shown in Fig. 2 lines e and f. However, the deterioration of mechanical properties is not as obvious as the one with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 because of the
2.2 Electrochemical measurement
-1.3 6.4 × 10-5 sec-1
-1.4 Voltage (V)
2.1 Tensile test and SCC test
short corrosion time. Therefore Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy can be used with low strain rate due to its high elongation.
6.4 × 10-4 sec-1
-1.5 -1.6 -1.7 -1.8
0
10
20
30
Time (min)
Fig. 3
OCP of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy anode under stress corrosion.
Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013, 25(Suppl.) S50–S53 / Zhan Yu et al.
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-5
-1
6.4 × 10 sec
22
Current (mA)
6.4 × 10-4 sec-1 21 20 19 18 17
0
5
10 Time (min)
15
Fig. 4 LC of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy anode under stress corrosion.
OCP is improved by the stress. Figure 4 shows the LC measurement curves of Mg-ZnIn-Sn alloy under the stress with strain rates of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 and 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 . The results reveal that the LC values of alloy anode improve with increasing of stress in the elastic zone. The variation of LC values is consistent with the results in our previous publication (Yu et al., 2012). And then the deterioration of LC values is observed in the plastic zone due to the forming of corrosion product film. However, the LC values are improved by the effect of stress before fracture. The variation of LC is because that the crackings appear on the film, and the corrosion reaction between Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy anode and water is promoted by stress. 2.3 Morphological observation The cross section microstructure of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy is observed by optical microscope after tensile and SCC test, as shown in Fig. 5. The cross section microstructure of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy under stress with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 is more homogeneous and smoother than the one under stress with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 , as shown in Fig. 5a and d. And the thin and homogeneous
a
corrosion product film is observed on the surface of alloy after OCP measurement with stress, as shown in Fig. 5b and e. The result reveals that OCP values are stable during SCC test and have no obvious negative removals due to the forming of thin film. Furthermore, the surface of MgZn-In-Sn alloy forms discontinuous and thick corrosion product film after LC measurement with stress, as shown in Fig. 5c and f. Therefore, the LC values decrease with the increasing of stress because of thick film. Simultaneously, LC values are improved before fracture due to the cracking in the corrosion product film by effect of stress.
3 Conclusions The present study determined the effects of stress on the electrochemical properties of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy anode through SCC test, electrochemical property measurements and morphological observations. The following conclusions can be obtained: (1) Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy can be used with low strain rate due to its high elongation. (2) The stability of OCP is improved by the stress, and the LC values of alloy anode improve with increasing of stress in the elastic zone. (3) The cross section microstructure of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy under stress with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 is more homogeneous and smoother than the one under stress with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 . (4) The OCP values are stable during SCC test and have no obvious negative removals due to the forming of thin film. (5) The LC values decrease with the increasing of stress because of thick film. Acknowledgments This work was partially supported by the “Nano Project” for Private Universities: 2011–2014 matching fund subsidy from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
b
100 μm d
c
100 μm e
100 μm
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100 μm f
100 μm
100 μm
10−5
sec−1
Fig. 5 Microstructure observation of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy with various strain rates. strain rate of 6.4 × (c): LC measurement; strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 (d): tensile; (e): OCP measurement; (f): LC measurement.
(a): tensile; (b): OCP measurement;
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Effect of stress corrosion cracking at various strain rates on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy
References Salman S A, Ichino R, Okido M, 2010. A comparative electrochemical study of AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloy. Internation Journal of Corrosion, (10): 1155–1162. Cao F H, Len V H, Zhang Z, Zhang J Q, 2007. Corrosion behavior of magnesium and its alloy in NaCl solution. Russian Journal of Electrochemistry, (43): 1023–1935. Wang J Q, Chen J, Han E H, Ke W, 2008. Investigation of stress corrosion cracking behaviors of an AZ91 magnesium alloy in 0.1 kmol/m3 Na2 SO4 solution using slow strain rate test. Materials Transactions, (49): 1052–1056. Uchida H, Yamashita M, Hanaki S, Nozaki T, 2008. Susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking of AZ31B magnesium alloy by slow strain-rate technique. Journal of the Society
S53
of Materials Science, Japan, (57): 1091–1096. Cheng L R, Cao Z Y, Liu Y B, Zhang L, Li T Q, Su G H, 2010. Microstructure and strain rate sensitivity of Mg-11Li-3Al1Ca alloy. Materials Transactions, (51): 2325–2328. Yu Z, Ju D Y, Zhao H Y, Hu X D, 2011. Effects of Zn-InSn elements on the electric properties of magnesium alloy anode materials. Journal of Environmental Sciences, (23): 95–99. Yu Z, Zhao H Y, Hu X D, Ju D Y, 2010. Effect of elements Zn, Sn and In on microstructure and performances of AZ91 alloy. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, (20): 318–323. Yu Z, Ju D Y, Zhao H Y, 2012. Effect of stress on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy. Internation Journal of Electrochemical Science, (7): 7098–7110.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ISSN 1001-0742 CN 11-2629/X
Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013, 25(Suppl.) S50–S53
www.jesc.ac.cn
Effect of stress corrosion cracking at various strain rates on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy Zhan Yu1 , Dongying Ju2,3, ∗, Hongyang Zhao3 1. Graduate School of Saitama Institute of Technology, Fusaiji 1690, Fukaya, Saitama 369-0293, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] 2. Department of Material Science and Engineering, Saitama Institute of Technology, Fusaiji 1690, Fukaya, Saitama 369-0293, Japan 3. Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
Abstract This study is aimed to determine the effect of stress corrosion with low strain rates on the electrochemical properties of alloy electrode. Stress corrosion cracking tests of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy in 3.5 wt.% sodium chloride solutions at 25°C were performed. The effects of the electrochemical properties under the stress corrosion with low strain rates were investigated. The microstructures of cross section were observed by optical microscope. The results showed that the ultimate tensile strengths of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy increased and the strain decreased as the strain rates increased. Open circuit potentials (OCP) of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy electrode possess stability and the loop currents (LC) were improved with the increasing of stress in the elastic zone. The variation of OCP and LC did not change with the increasing of strain-rate. The microstructure of cross section observing revealed the mechanism of OCP and LC changing Key words: Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy; various strain rates; electrochemical corrosion behaviour
Introduction In recent years, special attention has been given the Mg alloys, as these are the lightest practical metallic materials. Since they also have good castability and machinability, Mg alloys have been mostly used as cast products in aerospace and automobile applications (Salman et al., 2010; Cao et al., 2007). Moreover, Mg alloys has been used in various batteries as the electrode materials due to their electrochemical properties such as negative open circuit potentials (OCP) values and high loop currents (LC) values. As the structural materials, the properties of Mg alloys could be deteriorated by stress corrosion cracking (SCC). However, the effects of stress improve the electrochemical activities of Mg alloy anodes. The investigation of SCC is becoming a major issue in various applications of Mg alloys. Wang et al. (2008) studied the stress corrosion cracking behavior of AZ91 alloy in 0.1 kmol/m3 Na2 SO4 solution using slow strain rate test. Uchida et al. (2008) studied susceptibility of stress corrosion cracking of AZ31B alloy by slow strain-rate technique. Furthermore, Cheng et al. (2010) studied microstructure and strain rate sensitivity of Mg-11Li-3Al-1Ca alloy. In order to improve the electrochemical properties of Mg alloys, in our previous works, we developed a new Mg alloy anode material called Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy by adding * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
the elements Zn, In and Sn into commercial Mg alloy AZ91 (Yu et al., 2011). It has been confirmed that OCP of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy was more negative and LC was higher than that of AZ91. Furthermore, the effects of stress on the electrochemical corrosion behaviors of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy anode were evaluated by our subsequent work. However, the cooperation of electrochemical properties and SCC were rarely studied in previous references. Therefore, the strain rate sensitivity of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy and the effect of SCC at various strain rates on the electrochemical behaviour are investigated in the present article.
1 Experimental 1.1 Materials The material used was rolled Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy sheet of 0.5 mm in thickness. Its chemical composition (mass%) 10.16 Al, 0.78 Zn, 0.88 In, 1.85 Sn, 0.27 Mn and balance Mg. The sheet was annealed at 400°C for 1 hr and cut by a wire cutting apparatus (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation W11FX2K, Japan) (Yu et al., 2010). 1.2 SCC test and electrochemical measurement The schematic diagram of SCC specimen is shown in Fig. 1. The SCC test using a tensile tester (Shimatsu Autograph AG-300KNG, Japan) was performed with 0.1 mm/min (i.e., strain rate 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 ) and 1 mm/min
Suppl.
Effect of stress corrosion cracking at various strain rates on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy
Mg-Zn-In-Sn anode
σ (MPa)
Electrometer
Platinum cathode
200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20
a b c d e f
00
Fig. 1
Schematic illustration of stress corrosion apparatus.
(i.e., strain rate 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 ) at room temperature. Simultaneously, OCP and LC measurements were performed in the 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature. For all the electrochemical measurements, a two-electrode electrochemical cell was used, with Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy specimen as the anode and standard hydrogen cathode (Yu et al., 2012). 1.3 Morphological observation
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2
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6 8 10 12 ε (%) Fig. 2 Stress-strain curves of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy with strain rates of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 . (line a): tensile; (line b): open circuit potentials (OCP) measurement; (line c): loop currents (LC) measurement; strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 /sec (line d): tensile; (line e): OCP measurement; (line f): LC measurement. Table 1 Values of elongation and UTS Strain rate (sec−1 )
No. 1 2 3 5 6
6.4 × 10−5 6.4 × 10−4
UTS (MPa)
Longation (%)
166.93 151.65 128.52 167.26 163.49
10.25 6.04 2.04 0.72 0.66
After SCC test, the specimens were cleaned with acetone solution for 5 min using an ultrasonic cleaner (Honda W113). Then the cross section morphologies of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy were investigated via optical microscope (Keyence VHX-1000, Japan).
UTS: ultimate tensile strength.
2 Results and discussion
Figure 3 shows the OCP measurement curves of MgZn-In-Sn alloy anode under the stress with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 and 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 . The OCP values of alloy anode have no negative removals with increasing of stresses. The variation of OCP values is not consistent with the results in our previous publication (Yu et al., 2012), because the strain rates are low, the effect of stresses cannot catch up with the self-corrosion reaction. However, the variation of OCP values is stable during SCC by the effect of stress, which is not so obvious deterioration as the result with no stress. And the values of OCP are not influenced by the strain rate under the stress corrosion with low strain rate. Therefore the results investigate that the stability of
Figure 2 shows the stress-strain curves of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy with various strain rates at room temperature. Table 1 shows the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation values of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy. The results indicate that Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy exhibits 7.2% higher UTS with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 than the one with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 /sec. But the elongation of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 is 10 times better than the one with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 , as shown in Fig. 2 line a and d. The deterioration of mechanical properties with strain rate 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 reveals obvious influence of corrosion under OCP and LC measurements, as shown in Fig. 2 lines b and c. The UTS and elongation of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy decrease under OCP measurement due to self-corrosion in the solution. And the mechanical properties deteriorate under LC measurement because of the generating of corrosion current. The UTS and elongation of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloys with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 exhibit the same variation by the influence of corrosion, as shown in Fig. 2 lines e and f. However, the deterioration of mechanical properties is not as obvious as the one with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 because of the
2.2 Electrochemical measurement
-1.3 6.4 × 10-5 sec-1
-1.4 Voltage (V)
2.1 Tensile test and SCC test
short corrosion time. Therefore Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy can be used with low strain rate due to its high elongation.
6.4 × 10-4 sec-1
-1.5 -1.6 -1.7 -1.8
0
10
20
30
Time (min)
Fig. 3
OCP of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy anode under stress corrosion.
Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013, 25(Suppl.) S50–S53 / Zhan Yu et al.
S52 23
-5
-1
6.4 × 10 sec
22
Current (mA)
6.4 × 10-4 sec-1 21 20 19 18 17
0
5
10 Time (min)
15
Fig. 4 LC of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy anode under stress corrosion.
OCP is improved by the stress. Figure 4 shows the LC measurement curves of Mg-ZnIn-Sn alloy under the stress with strain rates of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 and 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 . The results reveal that the LC values of alloy anode improve with increasing of stress in the elastic zone. The variation of LC values is consistent with the results in our previous publication (Yu et al., 2012). And then the deterioration of LC values is observed in the plastic zone due to the forming of corrosion product film. However, the LC values are improved by the effect of stress before fracture. The variation of LC is because that the crackings appear on the film, and the corrosion reaction between Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy anode and water is promoted by stress. 2.3 Morphological observation The cross section microstructure of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy is observed by optical microscope after tensile and SCC test, as shown in Fig. 5. The cross section microstructure of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy under stress with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 is more homogeneous and smoother than the one under stress with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 , as shown in Fig. 5a and d. And the thin and homogeneous
a
corrosion product film is observed on the surface of alloy after OCP measurement with stress, as shown in Fig. 5b and e. The result reveals that OCP values are stable during SCC test and have no obvious negative removals due to the forming of thin film. Furthermore, the surface of MgZn-In-Sn alloy forms discontinuous and thick corrosion product film after LC measurement with stress, as shown in Fig. 5c and f. Therefore, the LC values decrease with the increasing of stress because of thick film. Simultaneously, LC values are improved before fracture due to the cracking in the corrosion product film by effect of stress.
3 Conclusions The present study determined the effects of stress on the electrochemical properties of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy anode through SCC test, electrochemical property measurements and morphological observations. The following conclusions can be obtained: (1) Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy can be used with low strain rate due to its high elongation. (2) The stability of OCP is improved by the stress, and the LC values of alloy anode improve with increasing of stress in the elastic zone. (3) The cross section microstructure of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy under stress with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 is more homogeneous and smoother than the one under stress with strain rate of 6.4 × 10−5 sec−1 . (4) The OCP values are stable during SCC test and have no obvious negative removals due to the forming of thin film. (5) The LC values decrease with the increasing of stress because of thick film. Acknowledgments This work was partially supported by the “Nano Project” for Private Universities: 2011–2014 matching fund subsidy from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
b
100 μm d
c
100 μm e
100 μm
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100 μm f
100 μm
100 μm
10−5
sec−1
Fig. 5 Microstructure observation of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy with various strain rates. strain rate of 6.4 × (c): LC measurement; strain rate of 6.4 × 10−4 sec−1 (d): tensile; (e): OCP measurement; (f): LC measurement.
(a): tensile; (b): OCP measurement;
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Effect of stress corrosion cracking at various strain rates on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy
References Salman S A, Ichino R, Okido M, 2010. A comparative electrochemical study of AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloy. Internation Journal of Corrosion, (10): 1155–1162. Cao F H, Len V H, Zhang Z, Zhang J Q, 2007. Corrosion behavior of magnesium and its alloy in NaCl solution. Russian Journal of Electrochemistry, (43): 1023–1935. Wang J Q, Chen J, Han E H, Ke W, 2008. Investigation of stress corrosion cracking behaviors of an AZ91 magnesium alloy in 0.1 kmol/m3 Na2 SO4 solution using slow strain rate test. Materials Transactions, (49): 1052–1056. Uchida H, Yamashita M, Hanaki S, Nozaki T, 2008. Susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking of AZ31B magnesium alloy by slow strain-rate technique. Journal of the Society
S53
of Materials Science, Japan, (57): 1091–1096. Cheng L R, Cao Z Y, Liu Y B, Zhang L, Li T Q, Su G H, 2010. Microstructure and strain rate sensitivity of Mg-11Li-3Al1Ca alloy. Materials Transactions, (51): 2325–2328. Yu Z, Ju D Y, Zhao H Y, Hu X D, 2011. Effects of Zn-InSn elements on the electric properties of magnesium alloy anode materials. Journal of Environmental Sciences, (23): 95–99. Yu Z, Zhao H Y, Hu X D, Ju D Y, 2010. Effect of elements Zn, Sn and In on microstructure and performances of AZ91 alloy. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, (20): 318–323. Yu Z, Ju D Y, Zhao H Y, 2012. Effect of stress on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy. Internation Journal of Electrochemical Science, (7): 7098–7110.
