Steroids xxx (2014) xxx–xxx

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Steroids journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/steroids

Review

Estradiol assays – The path ahead Hemamalini Ketha, Adam Girtman, Ravinder J. Singh ⇑ Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States

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Article history: Received 6 June 2014 Accepted 9 June 2014 Available online xxxx Keywords: Estradiol LC–MS/MS High-sensitivity estradiol assay

a b s t r a c t Estradiol quantitation is useful in the clinical assessment of diseases like hypogonadism, hirsutism, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), amenorrhea, ovarian tumors and for monitoring response in women receiving aromatase inhibitor therapy. Physiologically relevant serum estradiol concentration in women can span across four orders of magnitude. For example, in women undergoing ovulation induction serum estradiol concentration can range between 250–2000 pg/mL whereas aromatase inhibitor therapy can decrease serum estradiol concentration to