YMETH 3628

No. of Pages 6, Model 5G

17 March 2015 Methods xxx (2015) xxx–xxx 1

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Methods journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ymeth 5 6

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Fabrication of tissue engineered osteochondral grafts for restoring the articular surface of diarthrodial joints

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Brendan L. Roach a, Clark T. Hung a, James L. Cook b, Gerard A. Ateshian c, Andrea R. Tan a,⇑

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Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY, USA University of Missouri, Comparative Orthopaedic Laboratory, Columbia, MO, USA c Columbia University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, New York, NY, USA b

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Article history: Available online xxxx Keywords: Osteochondral graft Anatomical contour Rapid prototyping Impression molding Injection molding

a b s t r a c t Osteochondral allograft implantation is an effective cartilage restoration technique for large defects (>10 cm2), though the demand far exceeds the supply of available quality donor tissue. Large bilayered engineered cartilage tissue constructs with accurate anatomical features (i.e. contours, thickness, architecture) could be beneficial in replacing damaged tissue. When creating these osteochondral constructs, however, it is pertinent to maintain biofidelity to restore functionality. Here, we describe a step-by-step framework for the fabrication of a large osteochondral construct with correct anatomical architecture and topology through a combination of high-resolution imaging, rapid prototyping, impression molding, and injection molding. Ó 2015 Published by Elsevier Inc.

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1. Introduction

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Articular cartilage, a white, dense connective tissue that lines diarthrodial joints, serves as the load-bearing material of joints, and is characterized by excellent friction, lubrication, and wear properties [1]. When damaged due to injury or osteoarthritis, the tissue undergoes degeneration resulting in pain and dysfunction, often necessitating surgical intervention. Treatment options, however, are dependent on the joint involved, the location, size and severity of the defect, and patient-related factors. Endstage, global joint pathology often warrants total joint arthroplasty to replace the articulating surfaces and underlying bone. Total joint arthroplasty is associated with a relatively high need for revision surgery due to implant wear, subsidence, and/or loosening [2–5]. For focal articular cartilage lesions (

Fabrication of tissue engineered osteochondral grafts for restoring the articular surface of diarthrodial joints.

Osteochondral allograft implantation is an effective cartilage restoration technique for large defects (>10 cm(2)), though the demand far exceeds the ...
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