JECH Online First, published on March 31, 2014 as 10.1136/jech-2013-203500 Research report
Fruit and vegetable consumption and all-cause, cancer and CVD mortality: analysis of Health Survey for England data Oyinlola Oyebode, Vanessa Gordon-Dseagu, Alice Walker, Jennifer S Mindell ▸ Additional material is published online only. To view please visit the journal online (http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech2013-203500). Health and Social Surveys Research Group, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, UCL (University College London), London, UK Correspondence to Dr Oyinlola Oyebode, Health and Social Surveys Research Group, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, UCL (University College London), 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; [email protected] Received 10 October 2013 Revised 6 February 2014 Accepted 10 February 2014
ABSTRACT Background Governments worldwide recommend daily consumption of fruit and vegetables. We examine whether this benefits health in the general population of England. Methods Cox regression was used to estimate HRs and 95% CI for an association between fruit and vegetable consumption and all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular mortality, adjusting for age, sex, social class, education, BMI, alcohol consumption and physical activity, in 65 226 participants aged 35+ years in the 2001–2008 Health Surveys for England, annual surveys of nationally representative random samples of the noninstitutionalised population of England linked to mortality data (median follow-up: 7.7 years). Results Fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with decreased all-cause mortality (adjusted HR for 7+ portions 0.67 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.78), reference category
Fruit and vegetable consumption and all-cause, cancer and CVD mortality: analysis of Health Survey for England data Oyinlola Oyebode, Vanessa Gordon-Dseagu, Alice Walker, Jennifer S Mindell ▸ Additional material is published online only. To view please visit the journal online (http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech2013-203500). Health and Social Surveys Research Group, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, UCL (University College London), London, UK Correspondence to Dr Oyinlola Oyebode, Health and Social Surveys Research Group, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, UCL (University College London), 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; [email protected] Received 10 October 2013 Revised 6 February 2014 Accepted 10 February 2014
ABSTRACT Background Governments worldwide recommend daily consumption of fruit and vegetables. We examine whether this benefits health in the general population of England. Methods Cox regression was used to estimate HRs and 95% CI for an association between fruit and vegetable consumption and all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular mortality, adjusting for age, sex, social class, education, BMI, alcohol consumption and physical activity, in 65 226 participants aged 35+ years in the 2001–2008 Health Surveys for England, annual surveys of nationally representative random samples of the noninstitutionalised population of England linked to mortality data (median follow-up: 7.7 years). Results Fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with decreased all-cause mortality (adjusted HR for 7+ portions 0.67 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.78), reference category
