HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author Manuscript
Drug Alcohol Depend. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 August 21. Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016 August 01; 165: 29–37. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.05.011.
High prevalence of unhealthy alcohol use and comparison of self-reported alcohol consumption to phosphatidylethanol among women engaged in sex work and their male clients in Cambodia
Author Manuscript
Marie-Claude Couturea, Kimberly Pageb, Neth Sansothyc,d, Ellen Steine, Mean Chhi Vunc, and Judith A Hahnf aDepartment
of Population Sciences, School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton St., San Francisco, CA 94117, United States bUniversity
of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Dept. of Internal Medicine MSC 10 5550, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
cNational
Center for HIV, AIDS, Dermatology and STDs, #245H, street 6A, Phum Kean Khlang, Sangkat Prekleap Russey Keo, Phnom Penh, Cambodia dUniversity
of Health Sciences-Cambodia, #73 Monivong Boulevard, Srah Chak, Phnom Penh,
Cambodia eGlobal
Author Manuscript
Health Sciences / Prevention and Public Health Group, University of California San Francisco, Mission Hall, 550 16th St., Third Fl., Box 1224, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States fDepartment
of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, Mission Hall, 550 16th St., Third Fl., Box 1224, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States
Corresponding author: Marie-Claude Couture, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton St., San Francisco CA 94117, USA. [email protected], Phone: 415-422-4075. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Author Manuscript
Disclaimer: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funders. Contributors: Dr. Couture had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design: Couture, Page, Hahn. Acquisition, analysis or interpretation of data: Couture, Sansothy, Hahn, Page, Stein Drafting of the manuscript: Couture, Hahn, Page. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Couture, Hahn, Stein, Page, Sansothy, Vun. Statistical analysis: Couture Obtained funding: Couture, Page, Hahn. Administrative, technical, or material support: Couture, Sansothy, Stein, Vun, Hahn, Page. Study supervision: Couture, Sansothy, Stein, Vun. Final approval of the article: Couture, Hahn, Stein, Sansothy, Vun, Page. Conflict of interest: For all authors, none declared.
Couture et al.
Page 2
Abstract Author Manuscript
Background—In Cambodia, most of the female sex workers (FSW) work in venues where unhealthy alcohol use is ubiquitous and potentially contributing to the HIV epidemic. However, no accurate data exists. We compare self-reported unhealthy alcohol consumption to a biomarker of alcohol intake in Cambodian FSW and male clients, and determine factors associated with unhealthy alcohol use. Methods—A cross-sectional study was conducted among FSW (n=100) and male clients (n=100) in entertainment and sex work venues in Cambodia. Self-reported unhealthy alcohol use (AUDITC) was compared to phosphatidylethanol (PEth) positive (≥50ng/ml), a biomarker of alcohol intake. Sociodemographics data was collected. Correlates of self-reported unhealthy alcohol use and PEth positive were determined.
Author Manuscript
Results—The prevalence of PEth positive in FSW was 60.0%. Self-reported unhealthy alcohol consumption was reported by 85.0% of the women. Almost all women (95.0%) testing PEth positive also reported unhealthy alcohol use. Prevalence of unhealthy alcohol consumption (selfreport and PEth positive) was higher in FSW working in entertainment establishments compared to other sex work venues (p
Drug Alcohol Depend. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 August 21. Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016 August 01; 165: 29–37. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.05.011.
High prevalence of unhealthy alcohol use and comparison of self-reported alcohol consumption to phosphatidylethanol among women engaged in sex work and their male clients in Cambodia
Author Manuscript
Marie-Claude Couturea, Kimberly Pageb, Neth Sansothyc,d, Ellen Steine, Mean Chhi Vunc, and Judith A Hahnf aDepartment
of Population Sciences, School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton St., San Francisco, CA 94117, United States bUniversity
of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Dept. of Internal Medicine MSC 10 5550, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
cNational
Center for HIV, AIDS, Dermatology and STDs, #245H, street 6A, Phum Kean Khlang, Sangkat Prekleap Russey Keo, Phnom Penh, Cambodia dUniversity
of Health Sciences-Cambodia, #73 Monivong Boulevard, Srah Chak, Phnom Penh,
Cambodia eGlobal
Author Manuscript
Health Sciences / Prevention and Public Health Group, University of California San Francisco, Mission Hall, 550 16th St., Third Fl., Box 1224, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States fDepartment
of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, Mission Hall, 550 16th St., Third Fl., Box 1224, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States
Corresponding author: Marie-Claude Couture, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton St., San Francisco CA 94117, USA. [email protected], Phone: 415-422-4075. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Author Manuscript
Disclaimer: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funders. Contributors: Dr. Couture had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design: Couture, Page, Hahn. Acquisition, analysis or interpretation of data: Couture, Sansothy, Hahn, Page, Stein Drafting of the manuscript: Couture, Hahn, Page. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Couture, Hahn, Stein, Page, Sansothy, Vun. Statistical analysis: Couture Obtained funding: Couture, Page, Hahn. Administrative, technical, or material support: Couture, Sansothy, Stein, Vun, Hahn, Page. Study supervision: Couture, Sansothy, Stein, Vun. Final approval of the article: Couture, Hahn, Stein, Sansothy, Vun, Page. Conflict of interest: For all authors, none declared.
Couture et al.
Page 2
Abstract Author Manuscript
Background—In Cambodia, most of the female sex workers (FSW) work in venues where unhealthy alcohol use is ubiquitous and potentially contributing to the HIV epidemic. However, no accurate data exists. We compare self-reported unhealthy alcohol consumption to a biomarker of alcohol intake in Cambodian FSW and male clients, and determine factors associated with unhealthy alcohol use. Methods—A cross-sectional study was conducted among FSW (n=100) and male clients (n=100) in entertainment and sex work venues in Cambodia. Self-reported unhealthy alcohol use (AUDITC) was compared to phosphatidylethanol (PEth) positive (≥50ng/ml), a biomarker of alcohol intake. Sociodemographics data was collected. Correlates of self-reported unhealthy alcohol use and PEth positive were determined.
Author Manuscript
Results—The prevalence of PEth positive in FSW was 60.0%. Self-reported unhealthy alcohol consumption was reported by 85.0% of the women. Almost all women (95.0%) testing PEth positive also reported unhealthy alcohol use. Prevalence of unhealthy alcohol consumption (selfreport and PEth positive) was higher in FSW working in entertainment establishments compared to other sex work venues (p
