RESEARCH REPORT
doi:10.1111/add.12880
Developmental progression to early adult binge drinking and marijuana use from worsening versus stable trajectories of adolescent attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and delinquency Andrea L. Howard1, Brooke S. G. Molina2, James M. Swanson3, Stephen P. Hinshaw4,5, Katherine A. Belendiuk6, Seth C. Harty7, L. Eugene Arnold8, Howard B. Abikoff9, Lily Hechtman10, Annamarie Stehli11, Laurence L. Greenhill12, Jeffrey H. Newcorn13 & Timothy Wigal11 Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada,1 Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,2 School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA,3 Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA,4 Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA,5 Institute of Human Development, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA,6 Department of Psychology, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,7 Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA,8 School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA,9 Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada,10 Child Development Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA,11 Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA12 and Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA13
ABSTRACT
Aims To examine the association between developmental trajectories of inattention, hyperactivity–impulsivity and delinquency through childhood and adolescence (ages 8–16 years) and subsequent binge drinking and marijuana use in early adulthood (age 21 years). Design Prospective naturalistic follow-up of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) previously enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Treatment-phase assessments occurred at 3, 9 and 14 months after randomization; follow-up assessments occurred at 24 months, 36 months, and 6, 8 and 12 years after randomization. Setting Secondary analysis of data from the Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD (MTA), a multi-site RCT comparing the effects of careful medication management, intensive behavior therapy, their combination, and referral to usual community care. Participants A total of 579 children with DSM-IV ADHD combined type, aged 7.0 and 9.9 years at baseline (mean = 8.5, SD = 0.80). Measurements Ratings of inattention, hyperactivity–impulsivity and delinquency were collected from multiple informants at baseline and through the 8-year follow-up. Self-reports of binge drinking and marijuana use were collected at the 12-year follow-up (mean age 21 years). Findings Trajectories of worsening inattention symptoms and delinquency (and less apparent improvement in hyperactivity–impulsivity) were associated with higher rates of early adult binge drinking and marijuana use, compared with trajectories of stable or improving symptoms and delinquency (of 24 comparisons, all P-values
doi:10.1111/add.12880
Developmental progression to early adult binge drinking and marijuana use from worsening versus stable trajectories of adolescent attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and delinquency Andrea L. Howard1, Brooke S. G. Molina2, James M. Swanson3, Stephen P. Hinshaw4,5, Katherine A. Belendiuk6, Seth C. Harty7, L. Eugene Arnold8, Howard B. Abikoff9, Lily Hechtman10, Annamarie Stehli11, Laurence L. Greenhill12, Jeffrey H. Newcorn13 & Timothy Wigal11 Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada,1 Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,2 School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA,3 Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA,4 Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA,5 Institute of Human Development, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA,6 Department of Psychology, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,7 Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA,8 School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA,9 Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada,10 Child Development Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA,11 Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA12 and Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA13
ABSTRACT
Aims To examine the association between developmental trajectories of inattention, hyperactivity–impulsivity and delinquency through childhood and adolescence (ages 8–16 years) and subsequent binge drinking and marijuana use in early adulthood (age 21 years). Design Prospective naturalistic follow-up of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) previously enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Treatment-phase assessments occurred at 3, 9 and 14 months after randomization; follow-up assessments occurred at 24 months, 36 months, and 6, 8 and 12 years after randomization. Setting Secondary analysis of data from the Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD (MTA), a multi-site RCT comparing the effects of careful medication management, intensive behavior therapy, their combination, and referral to usual community care. Participants A total of 579 children with DSM-IV ADHD combined type, aged 7.0 and 9.9 years at baseline (mean = 8.5, SD = 0.80). Measurements Ratings of inattention, hyperactivity–impulsivity and delinquency were collected from multiple informants at baseline and through the 8-year follow-up. Self-reports of binge drinking and marijuana use were collected at the 12-year follow-up (mean age 21 years). Findings Trajectories of worsening inattention symptoms and delinquency (and less apparent improvement in hyperactivity–impulsivity) were associated with higher rates of early adult binge drinking and marijuana use, compared with trajectories of stable or improving symptoms and delinquency (of 24 comparisons, all P-values
