RESEARCH ARTICLE
Increased microcirculatory heterogeneity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea Lukas Ruzek1,2, Karolina Svobodova3, Lyle J. Olson4, Ondrej Ludka2,5, Ivan Cundrle, Jr.1,2*
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OPEN ACCESS Citation: Ruzek L, Svobodova K, Olson LJ, Ludka O, Cundrle I, Jr. (2017) Increased microcirculatory heterogeneity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. PLoS ONE 12(9): e0184291. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0184291 Editor: Andrea Romigi, University of Rome Tor Vergata, ITALY Received: April 1, 2017 Accepted: August 20, 2017 Published: September 1, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Ruzek et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Funding: This work was supported by the project no. LQ1605 from the National Program of Sustainability II (MEYS CR) and by the project FNUSA-ICRC no. CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0123 (OP VaVpI). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
1 Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. Anna’s University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, 2 International Clinical Research Center, St. Anna’s University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, 3 Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, 4 Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, 5 Internal Cardiology Department, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic * [email protected]
Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common form of sleep disordered breathing and has been associated with major cardiovascular comorbidities. We hypothesized that the microcirculation is impaired in patients with OSA and that the magnitude of impairment correlates to OSA severity.
Methods Subjects were consecutive patients scheduled for routine diagnostic polysomnography (PSG). OSA was defined by paradoxical rib cage movements together with abdominal excursions and by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (events/hour; no apnea AHI
Increased microcirculatory heterogeneity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea Lukas Ruzek1,2, Karolina Svobodova3, Lyle J. Olson4, Ondrej Ludka2,5, Ivan Cundrle, Jr.1,2*
a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111
OPEN ACCESS Citation: Ruzek L, Svobodova K, Olson LJ, Ludka O, Cundrle I, Jr. (2017) Increased microcirculatory heterogeneity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. PLoS ONE 12(9): e0184291. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0184291 Editor: Andrea Romigi, University of Rome Tor Vergata, ITALY Received: April 1, 2017 Accepted: August 20, 2017 Published: September 1, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Ruzek et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Funding: This work was supported by the project no. LQ1605 from the National Program of Sustainability II (MEYS CR) and by the project FNUSA-ICRC no. CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0123 (OP VaVpI). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
1 Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. Anna’s University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, 2 International Clinical Research Center, St. Anna’s University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, 3 Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, 4 Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, 5 Internal Cardiology Department, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic * [email protected]
Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common form of sleep disordered breathing and has been associated with major cardiovascular comorbidities. We hypothesized that the microcirculation is impaired in patients with OSA and that the magnitude of impairment correlates to OSA severity.
Methods Subjects were consecutive patients scheduled for routine diagnostic polysomnography (PSG). OSA was defined by paradoxical rib cage movements together with abdominal excursions and by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (events/hour; no apnea AHI
