RESEARCH ARTICLE
Increased risk of tinnitus in patients with chronic kidney disease: A nationwide, population-based cohort study Cheng-Ping Shih1, Hung-Che Lin1, Chi-Hsiang Chung2,3, Po-Jen Hsiao4,5, ChihHung Wang1, Jih-Chin Lee1, Wu-Chien Chien2,3*
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1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, 2 School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, 3 Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, 4 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, 5 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC * [email protected]
Abstract OPEN ACCESS Citation: Shih C-P, Lin H-C, Chung C-H, Hsiao P-J, Wang C-H, Lee J-C, et al. (2017) Increased risk of tinnitus in patients with chronic kidney disease: A nationwide, population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE 12(8): e0183192. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0183192 Editor: Vivekanand Jha, Postgraduate Medical Institute, INDIA Received: May 3, 2017 Accepted: July 31, 2017 Published: August 15, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Shih et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: Data are available from the National Health Insurance Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan for researchers who meet the criteria for access to confidential data. Due to legal restrictions imposed by the government of Taiwan in relation to the “Personal Information Protection Act”, data cannot be made publicly available. The contact information for the National Health Insurance Research Database, Taiwan is [email protected].
Tinnitus mostly results from central and peripheral auditory pathology. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. However, no studies have evaluated the association between tinnitus and CKD. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk of tinnitus in patients with CKD. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2010. We established a CKD group (n = 185,430) and a non-CKD comparison group (n = 556,290) to investigate the incidence of tinnitus. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the effects of CKD on tinnitus risk. The results showed CKD significantly increased the risk of tinnitus (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.02; 95% CI, 2.655–3.456, P
Increased risk of tinnitus in patients with chronic kidney disease: A nationwide, population-based cohort study Cheng-Ping Shih1, Hung-Che Lin1, Chi-Hsiang Chung2,3, Po-Jen Hsiao4,5, ChihHung Wang1, Jih-Chin Lee1, Wu-Chien Chien2,3*
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1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, 2 School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, 3 Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, 4 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, 5 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC * [email protected]
Abstract OPEN ACCESS Citation: Shih C-P, Lin H-C, Chung C-H, Hsiao P-J, Wang C-H, Lee J-C, et al. (2017) Increased risk of tinnitus in patients with chronic kidney disease: A nationwide, population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE 12(8): e0183192. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0183192 Editor: Vivekanand Jha, Postgraduate Medical Institute, INDIA Received: May 3, 2017 Accepted: July 31, 2017 Published: August 15, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Shih et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: Data are available from the National Health Insurance Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan for researchers who meet the criteria for access to confidential data. Due to legal restrictions imposed by the government of Taiwan in relation to the “Personal Information Protection Act”, data cannot be made publicly available. The contact information for the National Health Insurance Research Database, Taiwan is [email protected].
Tinnitus mostly results from central and peripheral auditory pathology. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. However, no studies have evaluated the association between tinnitus and CKD. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk of tinnitus in patients with CKD. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2010. We established a CKD group (n = 185,430) and a non-CKD comparison group (n = 556,290) to investigate the incidence of tinnitus. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the effects of CKD on tinnitus risk. The results showed CKD significantly increased the risk of tinnitus (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.02; 95% CI, 2.655–3.456, P
