Investigating Cellulose Derived Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Applications
Portocarrero Huang, G., Molina, A., Tran, N., Collins, G., Livingston Arinzeh, T.* Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102-1982, USA
Running head: Investigating Cellulose Derived Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Applications
*Corresponding Author: Treena Livingston Arinzeh, PhD Department of Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology University Heights 614 Fenster Hall Newark, NJ 07102-1982 (973) 596-5269 (ph) (973) 596-5222(fax)
This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1002/term.2331 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Abstract Articular cartilage has a limited capacity to heal and currently, no treatment exists that can restore normal hyaline cartilage. Creating tissue engineering scaffolds that more closely mimic the native extracellular matrix may be an attractive approach. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are present in native cartilage tissue, provide signaling and structural cues to cells. This study evaluated the use of a GAG mimetic, derived from cellulose, as a potential scaffold for cartilage repair applications. Fully sulfated, sodium cellulose sulfate (NaCS) was initially evaluated in soluble form as an additive to cell culture media. Human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis in pellet culture was enhanced with 0.01% NaCS added to induction media as demonstrated by significantly higher gene expression for type II collagen and aggrecan.
NaCS was combined with gelatin to form fibrous scaffolds using the
electrospinning technique. Scaffolds were characterized for fiber morphology, overall hydrolytic stability, protein/growth factor interaction and for supporting MSC chondrogenesis in vitro. Scaffolds immersed in phosphate buffered saline for up to 56 days had no changes in swelling and no dissolution of NaCS as compared to day 0. Increasing concentrations of the model protein lysozyme and transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β3) were detected on scaffolds with increasing concentrations of NaCS (p
Portocarrero Huang, G., Molina, A., Tran, N., Collins, G., Livingston Arinzeh, T.* Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102-1982, USA
Running head: Investigating Cellulose Derived Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Applications
*Corresponding Author: Treena Livingston Arinzeh, PhD Department of Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology University Heights 614 Fenster Hall Newark, NJ 07102-1982 (973) 596-5269 (ph) (973) 596-5222(fax)
This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1002/term.2331 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Abstract Articular cartilage has a limited capacity to heal and currently, no treatment exists that can restore normal hyaline cartilage. Creating tissue engineering scaffolds that more closely mimic the native extracellular matrix may be an attractive approach. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are present in native cartilage tissue, provide signaling and structural cues to cells. This study evaluated the use of a GAG mimetic, derived from cellulose, as a potential scaffold for cartilage repair applications. Fully sulfated, sodium cellulose sulfate (NaCS) was initially evaluated in soluble form as an additive to cell culture media. Human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis in pellet culture was enhanced with 0.01% NaCS added to induction media as demonstrated by significantly higher gene expression for type II collagen and aggrecan.
NaCS was combined with gelatin to form fibrous scaffolds using the
electrospinning technique. Scaffolds were characterized for fiber morphology, overall hydrolytic stability, protein/growth factor interaction and for supporting MSC chondrogenesis in vitro. Scaffolds immersed in phosphate buffered saline for up to 56 days had no changes in swelling and no dissolution of NaCS as compared to day 0. Increasing concentrations of the model protein lysozyme and transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β3) were detected on scaffolds with increasing concentrations of NaCS (p
