Food and Chemical Toxicology xxx (2015) 1e6
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Food and Chemical Toxicology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foodchemtox
In vivo genotoxicity assesment of silver nanoparticles of different sizes by the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) on Drosophila a Alicia Avalos , Ana Isabel Haza a, Elena Drosopoulou b, Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou b, Paloma Morales a, * n, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Departamento de Nutricio Spain Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 24 124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Article history: Received 29 April 2015 Received in revised form 17 June 2015 Accepted 22 June 2015 Available online xxx
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with antimicrobial activity are by far the most commercialized nanocompound. They are commonly used in medical products and devices, food storage materials, cosmetics and industrial products. Despite the increasing human exposure to AgNPs, they remain a controversial research area with regard to their toxic and genotoxic effects to biological systems. Although previous data have suggested that AgNPs induce toxicity in vitro, the in vivo studies on this topic are very limited. In the present study, the potential genotoxic activity of AgNPs of different sizes (4.7 and 42 nm) was evaluated using the in vivo Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. Larvae were treated with 25, 30 and 50 mg/ml of AgNPs 4.7 nm, and 250, 500 and 1000 mg/ml of AgNPs 42 nm. Data showed that AgNPs at the applied concentrations did not modify the spontaneous frequencies of spots indicating lack of mutagenic and recombinogenic activity. However, both AgNPs induced pigmentation defects and reduction in locomotor ability in adult flies. Therefore, further experiments must be carried out to gain a better understanding of the mechanism of action of AgNPs to ensure their safe use. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster Genotoxicity Silver nanoparticles SMART
1. Introduction The rapid expansion of nanotechnology has led to the increased number of products containing nano-sized materials. Materials at this scale (
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Food and Chemical Toxicology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foodchemtox
In vivo genotoxicity assesment of silver nanoparticles of different sizes by the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) on Drosophila a Alicia Avalos , Ana Isabel Haza a, Elena Drosopoulou b, Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou b, Paloma Morales a, * n, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Departamento de Nutricio Spain Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 24 124 Thessaloniki, Greece
a
b
a r t i c l e i n f o
a b s t r a c t
Article history: Received 29 April 2015 Received in revised form 17 June 2015 Accepted 22 June 2015 Available online xxx
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with antimicrobial activity are by far the most commercialized nanocompound. They are commonly used in medical products and devices, food storage materials, cosmetics and industrial products. Despite the increasing human exposure to AgNPs, they remain a controversial research area with regard to their toxic and genotoxic effects to biological systems. Although previous data have suggested that AgNPs induce toxicity in vitro, the in vivo studies on this topic are very limited. In the present study, the potential genotoxic activity of AgNPs of different sizes (4.7 and 42 nm) was evaluated using the in vivo Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. Larvae were treated with 25, 30 and 50 mg/ml of AgNPs 4.7 nm, and 250, 500 and 1000 mg/ml of AgNPs 42 nm. Data showed that AgNPs at the applied concentrations did not modify the spontaneous frequencies of spots indicating lack of mutagenic and recombinogenic activity. However, both AgNPs induced pigmentation defects and reduction in locomotor ability in adult flies. Therefore, further experiments must be carried out to gain a better understanding of the mechanism of action of AgNPs to ensure their safe use. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster Genotoxicity Silver nanoparticles SMART
1. Introduction The rapid expansion of nanotechnology has led to the increased number of products containing nano-sized materials. Materials at this scale (
