Accepted Manuscript Title: Is restless legs syndrome associated to chronic mountain sickness? Author: Vizcarra-Escobar Darwin, Mendiola-Yamasato Andrea, Risco-Rocca Jorge, Mariños-Velarde Alejandro, Juárez-Belaunde Alan, Anculle-Arauco Victor, Rivera-Chira María PII: DOI: Reference:
S1389-9457(15)00704-2 http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2015.03.013 SLEEP 2734
To appear in:
Sleep Medicine
Received date: Revised date: Accepted date:
27-11-2014 6-3-2015 14-3-2015
Please cite this article as: Vizcarra-Escobar Darwin, Mendiola-Yamasato Andrea, Risco-Rocca Jorge, Mariños-Velarde Alejandro, Juárez-Belaunde Alan, Anculle-Arauco Victor, Rivera-Chira María, Is restless legs syndrome associated to chronic mountain sickness?, Sleep Medicine (2015), http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2015.03.013. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Is Restless Legs Syndrome associated to Chronic Mountain Sickness?
1 2 3
Authors
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
Vizcarra-Escobar, Darwina,b [email protected]
36
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
37
The authors do not declare any conflicts of interest.
38
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
39
Name: Darwin Vizcarra-Escobar.
40
Email: [email protected]
41
Address: Avenida Gregorio Escobedo 650, Lima 11, Peru
42
Telephone: (511) 2190235
Mendiola-Yamasato, Andreaa [email protected] Risco-Rocca, Jorgea [email protected] Mariños-Velarde, Alejandroa [email protected] Juárez-Belaunde, Alana [email protected] Anculle-Arauco, Victora [email protected] Rivera-Chira, Maríac [email protected] a
Hypnos, Instituto del Sueño. Clinica San Felipe. Avenida Gregorio Escobedo 650, Lima 11, Peru b
Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Avenida Honorio Delgado 430, Lima 31, Peru c
Center of Research for Integral and Sustainable Development (CIDIS) . Laboratory of Human Adaptation, Laboratories for Research and Development (LID), Faculty of Sciences and Philosophy, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Avenida Honorio Delgado 430, Lima 31, Peru
43
Page 1 of 21
1
HIGHLIGHTS
2
Limbo subjects had the highest RLS severity score.
3 4
CMS subjects had the lowest oxygen saturation and the highest hematocrit values.
5
O2 saturation, sleep quality and Quinghai score>5 were associated with RLS.
6
RLS could be an early clinical manifestation of hypoxia at high altitudes.
7 8
High altitude dwellers could be a good model to study the role of hypoxia in RLS
9 10
ABSTRACT
11
Background: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and chronic mountain sickness (CMS)
12
share physiological traits. Our objective was to explore a possible association
13
between RLS and CMS.
14
Methods: We carried a cross-sectional study with male subjects living between 4100
15
and 4300m above sea level. Participants underwent a clinical interview, physical
16
examination, EKG recording and spirometry. We classified subjects into CMS, Limbo
17
and healthy high altitude dwellers (hHAD), according to their Quinghai score and
18
hematocrit levels. We applied the “Paradigm of questions for epidemiological studies
19
of RLS”, “The International Restless Leg Syndrome Study Group Scale” and the
20
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine
21
association between variables.
22
Results: Seventy-eight male subjects were included. Forty subjects were hHAD, 23
23
CMS patients and 15 participants were considered as Limbo. CMS and Limbo
24
subjects had a higher frequency of RLS (p52% but
S1389-9457(15)00704-2 http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2015.03.013 SLEEP 2734
To appear in:
Sleep Medicine
Received date: Revised date: Accepted date:
27-11-2014 6-3-2015 14-3-2015
Please cite this article as: Vizcarra-Escobar Darwin, Mendiola-Yamasato Andrea, Risco-Rocca Jorge, Mariños-Velarde Alejandro, Juárez-Belaunde Alan, Anculle-Arauco Victor, Rivera-Chira María, Is restless legs syndrome associated to chronic mountain sickness?, Sleep Medicine (2015), http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2015.03.013. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Is Restless Legs Syndrome associated to Chronic Mountain Sickness?
1 2 3
Authors
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
Vizcarra-Escobar, Darwina,b [email protected]
36
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
37
The authors do not declare any conflicts of interest.
38
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
39
Name: Darwin Vizcarra-Escobar.
40
Email: [email protected]
41
Address: Avenida Gregorio Escobedo 650, Lima 11, Peru
42
Telephone: (511) 2190235
Mendiola-Yamasato, Andreaa [email protected] Risco-Rocca, Jorgea [email protected] Mariños-Velarde, Alejandroa [email protected] Juárez-Belaunde, Alana [email protected] Anculle-Arauco, Victora [email protected] Rivera-Chira, Maríac [email protected] a
Hypnos, Instituto del Sueño. Clinica San Felipe. Avenida Gregorio Escobedo 650, Lima 11, Peru b
Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Avenida Honorio Delgado 430, Lima 31, Peru c
Center of Research for Integral and Sustainable Development (CIDIS) . Laboratory of Human Adaptation, Laboratories for Research and Development (LID), Faculty of Sciences and Philosophy, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Avenida Honorio Delgado 430, Lima 31, Peru
43
Page 1 of 21
1
HIGHLIGHTS
2
Limbo subjects had the highest RLS severity score.
3 4
CMS subjects had the lowest oxygen saturation and the highest hematocrit values.
5
O2 saturation, sleep quality and Quinghai score>5 were associated with RLS.
6
RLS could be an early clinical manifestation of hypoxia at high altitudes.
7 8
High altitude dwellers could be a good model to study the role of hypoxia in RLS
9 10
ABSTRACT
11
Background: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and chronic mountain sickness (CMS)
12
share physiological traits. Our objective was to explore a possible association
13
between RLS and CMS.
14
Methods: We carried a cross-sectional study with male subjects living between 4100
15
and 4300m above sea level. Participants underwent a clinical interview, physical
16
examination, EKG recording and spirometry. We classified subjects into CMS, Limbo
17
and healthy high altitude dwellers (hHAD), according to their Quinghai score and
18
hematocrit levels. We applied the “Paradigm of questions for epidemiological studies
19
of RLS”, “The International Restless Leg Syndrome Study Group Scale” and the
20
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine
21
association between variables.
22
Results: Seventy-eight male subjects were included. Forty subjects were hHAD, 23
23
CMS patients and 15 participants were considered as Limbo. CMS and Limbo
24
subjects had a higher frequency of RLS (p52% but
