Public Health Nutrition: 19(5), 872–884
doi:10.1017/S1368980015001457
Lunch frequency among adolescents: associations with sociodemographic factors and school characteristics Trine Pagh Pedersen1,*, Bjørn E Holstein1, Rikke Krølner2, Annette Kjær Ersbøll1, Thea Suldrup Jørgensen2, Anne Kristine Aarestrup2, Jennifer Utter3, Sarah A McNaughton4, Dianne Neumark-Stzainer5 and Mette Rasmussen1 1
National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark: 2Centre for Intervention Research in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark: 3Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand: 4Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia: 5Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Submitted 16 June 2014: Final revision received 2 March 2015: Accepted 10 March 2015: First published online 20 May 2015
Abstract Objective: To investigate: (i) how lunch frequency of adolescents varies between schools and between classes within schools; (ii) the associations between frequency of lunch and individual sociodemographic factors and school characteristics; and (iii) if any observed associations between lunch frequency and school characteristics vary by gender and age groups. Design: Cross-sectional study in which students and school headmasters completed self-administered questionnaires. Associations were estimated by multilevel multivariate logistic regression. Setting: The Danish arm of the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study 2010. Subjects: Students (n 4922) aged 11, 13 and 15 years attending a random sample of seventy-three schools. Results: The school-level and class-level variations in low lunch frequency were small (intraclass correlation coefficient
doi:10.1017/S1368980015001457
Lunch frequency among adolescents: associations with sociodemographic factors and school characteristics Trine Pagh Pedersen1,*, Bjørn E Holstein1, Rikke Krølner2, Annette Kjær Ersbøll1, Thea Suldrup Jørgensen2, Anne Kristine Aarestrup2, Jennifer Utter3, Sarah A McNaughton4, Dianne Neumark-Stzainer5 and Mette Rasmussen1 1
National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark: 2Centre for Intervention Research in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark: 3Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand: 4Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia: 5Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Submitted 16 June 2014: Final revision received 2 March 2015: Accepted 10 March 2015: First published online 20 May 2015
Abstract Objective: To investigate: (i) how lunch frequency of adolescents varies between schools and between classes within schools; (ii) the associations between frequency of lunch and individual sociodemographic factors and school characteristics; and (iii) if any observed associations between lunch frequency and school characteristics vary by gender and age groups. Design: Cross-sectional study in which students and school headmasters completed self-administered questionnaires. Associations were estimated by multilevel multivariate logistic regression. Setting: The Danish arm of the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study 2010. Subjects: Students (n 4922) aged 11, 13 and 15 years attending a random sample of seventy-three schools. Results: The school-level and class-level variations in low lunch frequency were small (intraclass correlation coefficient
