Neurochirurgia 20 (1977), 208-211 © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart
Magnetic Lock Suspension and Remote Control Microdriver for Operating Microscope Kenichiro Sugita, Toshiyuki Hirota Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University, School, of Medicine
Summary Frequent adjustment of the angle and the focus of the operating microscope is the most important but troublesome manoeuvre during microneurosurgery. We have designed a new suspension and control system for the operating microscope. There is a magnetic lock system of all joints and axes for gross movement of the microscope and the other facility is a remote control microdriving system for fine adjustment of the focus either with the hand or a pedal control box. This system could effectively save operating time as well as surgeon's physical exertion. Keywords: microneurosurgery, operating microscope Zusammenfassung Häufiges Justieren von Einstellwinkel und Fokus ist das wichtigste aber auch mühsamste Manöver bei mikrochirurgischen Eingriffen. Wir haben eine neue Aufhängung und ein Kontrollsystem für das Operationsmikroskop entwickelt. Es handelt sich um eine magnetische Verriegelung aller Gelenke und Achsen zur Grobeinstellung des Mikroskops; die weitere Möglichkeit ist ein Mikrovortrieb zur Feinjustierung des Fokus entweder mit Hand- oder Fußbedienung. Mit diesem System lassen sich sowohl die Operationszeit als auch die körperliche Belastung des Operateurs vermindern.
The neurosurgeon should be able to handle the microscope and change its observation angle frequently and easily during micro-neurosurgical operations. The position on angle of the conventional operating microscope can not always be changed easily because of its separate screw locked joints. The prototype magnetic lock suspension system which we incorporated into a Nagashima II microscope was reported at the micro-neurosurgical symposium in Vienna in 19722. We now wish to report on our newly designed suspension system utilizing a magnetic lock and a remote control microdriving system which has been used with great satisfaction for the last three years. 7. Magnetic lock suspension arm for gross movement of operating microscope All three joints of the suspension arms (A, B, C in Fig. 1) and two axes for holding the microscope body (D, E in Fig. 1) are electromagnetically locked. All joints are tightly fixed whenever the electric current is cut off. These magnetic locks are simultaneously released only by pushing a button set in the grip arm of the microscope body (G in Fig. 1).
Heruntergeladen von: Universite de Sherbrooke. Urheberrechtlich geschützt.
TECHNICAL NOTE - OPERATIONSTECHNIK
209
Fig. 1: Schematic drawing of the suspension system. A, B, C, D and E: magnetic lock. D, E and F: electromotor of remote microdriving control. G: hand grip with release button (omitted in lateral view). Range of movement and tilting angle are also shown. Hatched area: removable arm for sitting position. Dotted area: two assistant microscopes (omitted in lateral view). When the locks are released the microscope body can not only be moved horizontally as much as 40 cm in any direction, but can also be tilted laterally a maximum of 45° side to side, 55° anteriorly and 25° posteriorly to the vertical axis. These movements are done smoothly with a single hand.
11. Remote control microdriving system fine adjustment of operating microscope
for
Fine focusing as well as fine lateral (horizontal) movement of the microscope is frequently necessary during an operation. These adjustment can be done with remote control switches either by hand or by foot (B, C in Fig. 2). The speed of the vertical axis is 3-5 mm/sec over a range of 90 mm in length for slow and 9-0 mm/sec over a range of 150 cm for quick adjustment. The speed of the lateral shift is 2-5 mm/sec, which is achieved by tilting the microscope body by the same manoeuvres. The maximal tilting angle of the microscope 14 Neurochirurgia 20,6
is 45° laterally, 55° anteriorly and 25° posteriorly, which covers an operating field as large as 60 cm in diameter.
///. Adaptation for operation in the sitting position This can readily be done by removing one of the suspension arms. The remote control system works as in the supine position except for direction changes; those which are anterior and posterior in the supine position are changed to upper and lower respectively in the sitting position.
Discussion When the operating microscope is loaded with a movie or TV camera and/or assistant's scope, all suspension arm joints are always fixed tightly because of the heavy weight of the microscope or because it is unbalanced. It is not always easy and may be troublesome
Heruntergeladen von: Universite de Sherbrooke. Urheberrechtlich geschützt.
Magnetic Lock Suspension and Remove Control Microdriver for Operating Microscope
Ketticbiro Sugita, Toshiyuki Hirota
Fig. 2: A; Head of the suspension system and microscope. B; Remote control hand box. 4 buttons on the top for horizontal movements and a lever on the side wall for vertical movement. C; Pedal switch box. Eight directions in horizontal plane are chosen by inclining of foot plate. A lever on the side for vertical movement. for the surgeon to loosen all knobs each time the observation angle of the microscope needs to be changed during an operation. The remote controlled electromagnetic locks and the remote microdriving system make these troublesome manoeuvres simple and permit the microscope to be shifted slowly and smoothly within the operating field whenever necessary. To change the observation field of the microscope body, the microdriving system actually tilts the microscope body around the axes of the main body so that the focus moves along the concave operating field. Focus adjustment is negligible each time the observation angle is changed even though the
focus shifts in the concave field. A shift of focus within a 20 mm range on the horizontal plane of the operating field needs a vertical focus adjustment of only 1 mm. Since the tilting angle of the microscope body is less than 4° for a maximum shift of 20 mm in the operating field, it is not necessary for the operator to move or bend his head each time. The X-Y shifter built in the suspension arm of conventional microscopes is not only unable to hold heavy accessories but makes the operator confuse the direction of the movements actuated by the remote controls when the main body is rotated around the vertical axis.
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210
We have designed two kinds of a remotecontrol box; one for hand and the other forr foot operation. The pedal switch system isi usually preferable because it spares the; operator's hand. To avoid setting too manyi knobs (a total of 11 together with up and1 down knobs of the ceiling mount frame,, electric chair and a bipolar coagulator switch)) on a foot plate of an electric operating chair,, the pedal control box is built independent off the foot plate. This avoids the extreme movements of the organ player. Our apparatus has no counter-balance butt there is a grip handle on the microscope body' with a release button for the magnetic locks; of all joints. Although for gross movements; of the microscope the operator has to use his; hand instead of the mouth piece method of
Yasargil3 and Holly 1 , all frequent fine shifts of the microscope body in all directions are controlled by the pedal switches. As to the suspension frame, the ceiling mount is preferable to the floor stand because of the heavy weight (2C0 kg) of the unit and because it allows space for an assistant operator. For reasons of economy, we have a conventional X-ray apparatus ceiling mount frame. The introduction of this system has saved surgeons time and minimized the physical exertion required for adjustment of the focus of the microscope. This paper was presented in part at the Symposium of Micro-neurosurgery in Cincinnati in May, 1975.
References 1 2
Holly, E. H.; M o u t h guide lor operating microscope. .[. Neurosurg. 44 (1976) 642-613 Sugita, K., R. Tsugane: Triplcscope for neurosurgerv (Nagashima II), in Koos, W. T h . , Bock, F. W. and Spctzler, R. F. feds.): Clinical Microsurgery, Stuttgart: Georg Thieme 1976, p p . 5-6
Department
of Neurosurgery,
School
of
3
Yasargil, M. G.: Development of a motorized microscope stand, in: Koos, W. T h . , Bock, F. W. and Spetzler, R. F. (eds.): Clinical Microsurgery, Srurtgart: Georg Thieme 1976, p p . 3/4
Medicine,, Nagoya
University,
Showaku,
Kenicbiro Sugita, Tsurumai 65, Nagoya,
M. D., japan.
Heruntergeladen von: Universite de Sherbrooke. Urheberrechtlich geschützt.
211
Magnetic Lock Suspension and Remote Control Microdriver for Operating Microscope Kenichiro Sugita, Toshiyuki Hirota Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University, School, of Medicine
Summary Frequent adjustment of the angle and the focus of the operating microscope is the most important but troublesome manoeuvre during microneurosurgery. We have designed a new suspension and control system for the operating microscope. There is a magnetic lock system of all joints and axes for gross movement of the microscope and the other facility is a remote control microdriving system for fine adjustment of the focus either with the hand or a pedal control box. This system could effectively save operating time as well as surgeon's physical exertion. Keywords: microneurosurgery, operating microscope Zusammenfassung Häufiges Justieren von Einstellwinkel und Fokus ist das wichtigste aber auch mühsamste Manöver bei mikrochirurgischen Eingriffen. Wir haben eine neue Aufhängung und ein Kontrollsystem für das Operationsmikroskop entwickelt. Es handelt sich um eine magnetische Verriegelung aller Gelenke und Achsen zur Grobeinstellung des Mikroskops; die weitere Möglichkeit ist ein Mikrovortrieb zur Feinjustierung des Fokus entweder mit Hand- oder Fußbedienung. Mit diesem System lassen sich sowohl die Operationszeit als auch die körperliche Belastung des Operateurs vermindern.
The neurosurgeon should be able to handle the microscope and change its observation angle frequently and easily during micro-neurosurgical operations. The position on angle of the conventional operating microscope can not always be changed easily because of its separate screw locked joints. The prototype magnetic lock suspension system which we incorporated into a Nagashima II microscope was reported at the micro-neurosurgical symposium in Vienna in 19722. We now wish to report on our newly designed suspension system utilizing a magnetic lock and a remote control microdriving system which has been used with great satisfaction for the last three years. 7. Magnetic lock suspension arm for gross movement of operating microscope All three joints of the suspension arms (A, B, C in Fig. 1) and two axes for holding the microscope body (D, E in Fig. 1) are electromagnetically locked. All joints are tightly fixed whenever the electric current is cut off. These magnetic locks are simultaneously released only by pushing a button set in the grip arm of the microscope body (G in Fig. 1).
Heruntergeladen von: Universite de Sherbrooke. Urheberrechtlich geschützt.
TECHNICAL NOTE - OPERATIONSTECHNIK
209
Fig. 1: Schematic drawing of the suspension system. A, B, C, D and E: magnetic lock. D, E and F: electromotor of remote microdriving control. G: hand grip with release button (omitted in lateral view). Range of movement and tilting angle are also shown. Hatched area: removable arm for sitting position. Dotted area: two assistant microscopes (omitted in lateral view). When the locks are released the microscope body can not only be moved horizontally as much as 40 cm in any direction, but can also be tilted laterally a maximum of 45° side to side, 55° anteriorly and 25° posteriorly to the vertical axis. These movements are done smoothly with a single hand.
11. Remote control microdriving system fine adjustment of operating microscope
for
Fine focusing as well as fine lateral (horizontal) movement of the microscope is frequently necessary during an operation. These adjustment can be done with remote control switches either by hand or by foot (B, C in Fig. 2). The speed of the vertical axis is 3-5 mm/sec over a range of 90 mm in length for slow and 9-0 mm/sec over a range of 150 cm for quick adjustment. The speed of the lateral shift is 2-5 mm/sec, which is achieved by tilting the microscope body by the same manoeuvres. The maximal tilting angle of the microscope 14 Neurochirurgia 20,6
is 45° laterally, 55° anteriorly and 25° posteriorly, which covers an operating field as large as 60 cm in diameter.
///. Adaptation for operation in the sitting position This can readily be done by removing one of the suspension arms. The remote control system works as in the supine position except for direction changes; those which are anterior and posterior in the supine position are changed to upper and lower respectively in the sitting position.
Discussion When the operating microscope is loaded with a movie or TV camera and/or assistant's scope, all suspension arm joints are always fixed tightly because of the heavy weight of the microscope or because it is unbalanced. It is not always easy and may be troublesome
Heruntergeladen von: Universite de Sherbrooke. Urheberrechtlich geschützt.
Magnetic Lock Suspension and Remove Control Microdriver for Operating Microscope
Ketticbiro Sugita, Toshiyuki Hirota
Fig. 2: A; Head of the suspension system and microscope. B; Remote control hand box. 4 buttons on the top for horizontal movements and a lever on the side wall for vertical movement. C; Pedal switch box. Eight directions in horizontal plane are chosen by inclining of foot plate. A lever on the side for vertical movement. for the surgeon to loosen all knobs each time the observation angle of the microscope needs to be changed during an operation. The remote controlled electromagnetic locks and the remote microdriving system make these troublesome manoeuvres simple and permit the microscope to be shifted slowly and smoothly within the operating field whenever necessary. To change the observation field of the microscope body, the microdriving system actually tilts the microscope body around the axes of the main body so that the focus moves along the concave operating field. Focus adjustment is negligible each time the observation angle is changed even though the
focus shifts in the concave field. A shift of focus within a 20 mm range on the horizontal plane of the operating field needs a vertical focus adjustment of only 1 mm. Since the tilting angle of the microscope body is less than 4° for a maximum shift of 20 mm in the operating field, it is not necessary for the operator to move or bend his head each time. The X-Y shifter built in the suspension arm of conventional microscopes is not only unable to hold heavy accessories but makes the operator confuse the direction of the movements actuated by the remote controls when the main body is rotated around the vertical axis.
Heruntergeladen von: Universite de Sherbrooke. Urheberrechtlich geschützt.
210
We have designed two kinds of a remotecontrol box; one for hand and the other forr foot operation. The pedal switch system isi usually preferable because it spares the; operator's hand. To avoid setting too manyi knobs (a total of 11 together with up and1 down knobs of the ceiling mount frame,, electric chair and a bipolar coagulator switch)) on a foot plate of an electric operating chair,, the pedal control box is built independent off the foot plate. This avoids the extreme movements of the organ player. Our apparatus has no counter-balance butt there is a grip handle on the microscope body' with a release button for the magnetic locks; of all joints. Although for gross movements; of the microscope the operator has to use his; hand instead of the mouth piece method of
Yasargil3 and Holly 1 , all frequent fine shifts of the microscope body in all directions are controlled by the pedal switches. As to the suspension frame, the ceiling mount is preferable to the floor stand because of the heavy weight (2C0 kg) of the unit and because it allows space for an assistant operator. For reasons of economy, we have a conventional X-ray apparatus ceiling mount frame. The introduction of this system has saved surgeons time and minimized the physical exertion required for adjustment of the focus of the microscope. This paper was presented in part at the Symposium of Micro-neurosurgery in Cincinnati in May, 1975.
References 1 2
Holly, E. H.; M o u t h guide lor operating microscope. .[. Neurosurg. 44 (1976) 642-613 Sugita, K., R. Tsugane: Triplcscope for neurosurgerv (Nagashima II), in Koos, W. T h . , Bock, F. W. and Spctzler, R. F. feds.): Clinical Microsurgery, Stuttgart: Georg Thieme 1976, p p . 5-6
Department
of Neurosurgery,
School
of
3
Yasargil, M. G.: Development of a motorized microscope stand, in: Koos, W. T h . , Bock, F. W. and Spetzler, R. F. (eds.): Clinical Microsurgery, Srurtgart: Georg Thieme 1976, p p . 3/4
Medicine,, Nagoya
University,
Showaku,
Kenicbiro Sugita, Tsurumai 65, Nagoya,
M. D., japan.
Heruntergeladen von: Universite de Sherbrooke. Urheberrechtlich geschützt.
211
