XI. PATHOGENS OF TABANIDAE (HORSEFLIES) Darrell W. Anthony USDA, Agricultural Research Service Insects Affecting Man Research Laboratory Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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ABSTRACTS Mary Ann Strand Some data on pathogenic fungi of larvae of horse flies in the Andreeva, R. V. (1972). Probl. Parasitol. Trans. Sci. Conf. Parasitol. USSR, Part 1, 33 pp. vicinity of Kiev]7
Coelomomyces milkoi was found infecting 95% of the larvae of Tabanus autumnalis in the The greater incidence spring of 1971. Previously 18-30% of the larvae were infected. in 1971 is possibly related to the humid, warm conditions of the summer and autumn of A description of the disease is given. Larvae of T. autumnalis and Chrysops 1970. relictus were found to be susceptible to Metarrhizium anisopliae, Beauveria densa and Adults were also susceptible to M. anisopliae and B. bassiana. Aspergillus flavus.
Thelohania tabani sp. n., a microsporidian from the larvae of the Gingrich, R. E. (1965). J. Invertebr. Pathol., 7: 236-240. black horse fly, Tabanus atratus Fabricius. A new species of microsporidia is described from T. atratus collected in Mississippi. The pathogen develops in the muscle tissue and infection can be detected by the whitish, Because of the predaceous opaque areas visible through the transparent integument. feeding habits of the larvae, ingested spores from infected prey are the most probable source of infection.
Notes on parasites of immature Tabanidae (Diptera) and descriptions Goodwin, J. T. (1968). J. Tenn. Acad. of the larvae and puparium of Carinosillus pravus (Diptera, Tachinidae). Sci., 43: 107-108. The dipterous parasites of Tabanidae are discussed.
Harlan, D. P. (1973).
Personal communication, November 1973.
Hazard, E. I. & Knell, J. D. (1973). James, H. G. (1963). in southern Ontario.
Personal communication, April 1973.
Larval habits, development and parasites of some Tabanidae (Diptera) Can. Entomol., 95: 1223-1232.
Immatures of 29 species of Tabanidae were collected and reared to obtain information on Most numerous natural control agents their parasites and other biotic control agents. The nematode, Bathymermis sp., was found infecting appeared to be insect parasites. 11/143 larvae, especially Chrysops.
Observations on some predators of horse fly and deer Jackson, J. 0. & Wilson, B. H. (1965). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 58: 934-935. fly (Diptera, Tabanidae) eggs in Louisiana.
Arthropod predators of Tabanidae eggs captured in the field included Coleomegilla Laboratory studies on the maculata, Collops bipunctatus and Orchelimum sp. acceptability of the eggs to other predators were also conducted. Jones, C. M. & Anthony, D. W. Bull., No. 1295, 85 pp.
(1964).
The Tabanidae
(Diptera) of Florida.
USDA, ARS, Tech.
Control An extensive review of the biology and ecology of the Tabanidae is given. No microbial pathogens are measures including parasites and predators are presented. mentioned.
243
Koval', E. Z. & Andreeva, R. V. (1971). /fin studying pathogenic mycoflora of horse-flies (Diptera, Tabanidae) in the Ukraine] Dopov. Akad. Nauk Ukr., Series B, 11: 1042-1044. (Ukrainian, English summary). A list of fungal diseases found in the field and under laboratory conditions on the larvae of Tabanus autumnalis and Chrysops relictus is given. Coelomomyces sp. and Metarrhizium anisopliae were found most frequently on the larvae. A number of other fungi were also found including Beauveria densa.
A Bathymermis species (Mermithidae, Nematoda) parasitic on larvae Shamsuddin, M. (1966). Tabanids. Quaest. Entomol., 2: 253-256. A species of Bathymermis was found parasitizing Chrysops furcata in Alberta, Canada. Larvae are yellowish-green, during parasitism this changes to pale-yellow and later to black. Parasites could be readily seen in the mature larvae which become transparent. Infected larvae failed to pupate, usually did not feed, and were more sluggish in their movements.
Tesky, H. J. (1969). Larvae and pupae of some eastern North American Tabanidae (Diptera). Mem. Entomol. Soc. Can., No. 63 , 147 pp. Key based on larvae or pupal characteristics and diagnostic descriptions of these stages are given.
Tidwell, M. A. (1973). 18(1,2), 93 pp.
The Tabanidae (Diptera) of Louisiana.
Tulane Stud. Zool. Bot.,
This volume is a good general reference on the biology of Tabanidae.
239
240
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242
ABSTRACTS Mary Ann Strand Some data on pathogenic fungi of larvae of horse flies in the Andreeva, R. V. (1972). Probl. Parasitol. Trans. Sci. Conf. Parasitol. USSR, Part 1, 33 pp. vicinity of Kiev]7
Coelomomyces milkoi was found infecting 95% of the larvae of Tabanus autumnalis in the The greater incidence spring of 1971. Previously 18-30% of the larvae were infected. in 1971 is possibly related to the humid, warm conditions of the summer and autumn of A description of the disease is given. Larvae of T. autumnalis and Chrysops 1970. relictus were found to be susceptible to Metarrhizium anisopliae, Beauveria densa and Adults were also susceptible to M. anisopliae and B. bassiana. Aspergillus flavus.
Thelohania tabani sp. n., a microsporidian from the larvae of the Gingrich, R. E. (1965). J. Invertebr. Pathol., 7: 236-240. black horse fly, Tabanus atratus Fabricius. A new species of microsporidia is described from T. atratus collected in Mississippi. The pathogen develops in the muscle tissue and infection can be detected by the whitish, Because of the predaceous opaque areas visible through the transparent integument. feeding habits of the larvae, ingested spores from infected prey are the most probable source of infection.
Notes on parasites of immature Tabanidae (Diptera) and descriptions Goodwin, J. T. (1968). J. Tenn. Acad. of the larvae and puparium of Carinosillus pravus (Diptera, Tachinidae). Sci., 43: 107-108. The dipterous parasites of Tabanidae are discussed.
Harlan, D. P. (1973).
Personal communication, November 1973.
Hazard, E. I. & Knell, J. D. (1973). James, H. G. (1963). in southern Ontario.
Personal communication, April 1973.
Larval habits, development and parasites of some Tabanidae (Diptera) Can. Entomol., 95: 1223-1232.
Immatures of 29 species of Tabanidae were collected and reared to obtain information on Most numerous natural control agents their parasites and other biotic control agents. The nematode, Bathymermis sp., was found infecting appeared to be insect parasites. 11/143 larvae, especially Chrysops.
Observations on some predators of horse fly and deer Jackson, J. 0. & Wilson, B. H. (1965). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 58: 934-935. fly (Diptera, Tabanidae) eggs in Louisiana.
Arthropod predators of Tabanidae eggs captured in the field included Coleomegilla Laboratory studies on the maculata, Collops bipunctatus and Orchelimum sp. acceptability of the eggs to other predators were also conducted. Jones, C. M. & Anthony, D. W. Bull., No. 1295, 85 pp.
(1964).
The Tabanidae
(Diptera) of Florida.
USDA, ARS, Tech.
Control An extensive review of the biology and ecology of the Tabanidae is given. No microbial pathogens are measures including parasites and predators are presented. mentioned.
243
Koval', E. Z. & Andreeva, R. V. (1971). /fin studying pathogenic mycoflora of horse-flies (Diptera, Tabanidae) in the Ukraine] Dopov. Akad. Nauk Ukr., Series B, 11: 1042-1044. (Ukrainian, English summary). A list of fungal diseases found in the field and under laboratory conditions on the larvae of Tabanus autumnalis and Chrysops relictus is given. Coelomomyces sp. and Metarrhizium anisopliae were found most frequently on the larvae. A number of other fungi were also found including Beauveria densa.
A Bathymermis species (Mermithidae, Nematoda) parasitic on larvae Shamsuddin, M. (1966). Tabanids. Quaest. Entomol., 2: 253-256. A species of Bathymermis was found parasitizing Chrysops furcata in Alberta, Canada. Larvae are yellowish-green, during parasitism this changes to pale-yellow and later to black. Parasites could be readily seen in the mature larvae which become transparent. Infected larvae failed to pupate, usually did not feed, and were more sluggish in their movements.
Tesky, H. J. (1969). Larvae and pupae of some eastern North American Tabanidae (Diptera). Mem. Entomol. Soc. Can., No. 63 , 147 pp. Key based on larvae or pupal characteristics and diagnostic descriptions of these stages are given.
Tidwell, M. A. (1973). 18(1,2), 93 pp.
The Tabanidae (Diptera) of Louisiana.
Tulane Stud. Zool. Bot.,
This volume is a good general reference on the biology of Tabanidae.
