757
The Association of Clinical Pathologists: 94th general meeting failure. The average discrepancy between the two methods in 12 cases was 50 ml. A low value of 27*5 ml/kg was obtained in one normal subject using 1251 HSA compared with a value of 50 ml/kg using 99mTc HSA. The 30 pCi dose of99mTc HSA used produces a smaller radiation dose to the whole body including the blood and to the thyroid and would be suitable for sequential plasma volume measurements and measurements in pregnant women.
Reference J.
patients threatened to abort for much longer than happens in Liverpool before this became inevitable. Blood levels of HPL and HCG were measured on admission to hospital for threatened abortion. Women admitted for therapeutic abortion were used as controls. A highly significant difference was found between the mean levels of both hormones for women who in fact aborted and for those whose pregnancy continued: the differences between those wnose pregnancy continued and the
thymoma. The possible significance of these features in relation to humoral epithelial/lymphocyte interaction will be
discussed.
Gaucher's Disease with Biclonal Gammopathy MORVEN MACDONALD, MARGARETMCCATHIE, M. J. W. FAED, R. PRINGLE, H. B. GOODALL, J. S. BECK, G. R. TUDHOPE, P. E. G. MITICHELL, A. J. J. WOOD, W. GUTHRIE, AND D. SHAW
(Pathology Department,NinewellsHospital, Further, Dundee) The association between controls were not significant. the changes of Gaucher's disease and monoclonal
J. C.,Leaver, E. P., and it is possible to calculate Beazley,Smith,M.,G.Matthews, M. (1968). Placental localisation abortion taking place from the level of gammopathy is well documented (Pratt serum albumin. labelled VSmrfc using 1968). The present case appears to either hormone, but unexpectedly HCG et al, J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Cwlth, 75, 470. the first in which Gaucher's disease is be (analysis a more accurate figure gives associated with biclonal gammopathy.
Effects of Natural Oestrogens on Blood of results by Mr M. C. K. Tweedie). A woman aged 48 complained mainly of Clotting-a Double-Blind Cross-over Trial Using both levels a still more accurate tiredness and was found to have pingueassessment emerges. This work was partly supported by a culae, splenomegaly, raised serum acid L. POLLER, J. M. THOMSON, AND J. COOPE and low,-glucosidase activResearch Grant from the former United phosphatase, (Department of Haematology, Withington in skin fibroblasts. The cultured ity Hospital, Manchester) A double-blind Liverpool Hospitals. blood showed pancytopenia with dimorcross-over study on the effect of natural Reference phic red cells. The marrow showed oestrogen on blood clotting and platelet Genazzani, A. R., Aubert, M. L.. Casolif M.. typical Gaucher cells and atypical deFioretti, P., and Felber, J-P. (1969). Lancet, aggregation has been performed on a generate foamy forms; excess of two 2, 1385-1387. group of 30 women. It had been claimed types of plasma cells, large and small; that naturaloestrogen did not have the transitional megaloblasts and giant metaharmful effect of synthetic oestrogen on An EM Study of Human Thynus myelocytes. Serum proteins (9 g per blood coagulation. 100 ml) included two abnormal bands on The women were randomly divided W. JONES WILLLAMS, D. L. JONES, AND electrophoresis, one IgC and one IgA. Welsh THOMAS (Pathology Department, into two groups, the first group received K. Anaemia was partly corrected by oral natural oestrogen (Premarin) for three National School of Medicine, Cardiff) iron and folic acid, but hypersplenism months and then for a further three In a fine structure study of human, normal, persisted, and thrombocytopenia and months received a placebo, whereas the hyperplastic, and tumour thymus, we leucopenia necessitated splenectomy. Two second group received the placebo first. demonstrate similar cell types though weeks after operation the serum IgG was Significant acceleration of the pro- they are present in varying proportions. at the level but IgA was thrombin time and factor VII and X The mixed thymoma differed only in halved. preoperative assays occurred with natural oestrogen showing increased numbers of mitosis With fluorescent anti-IgG and anti-IgA administration but the intrinsic tests were and predominance of large lymphocytes. sera two populations of plasma cells in We the for first describe, time, not accelerated at the three-month stage. were identified-one predominantly in The changes are similar to those which postnatal human thymus, the presence of marrow, producing IgG; the other in occur after three months' synthetic nuclear pockets in lymphocyte nuclei. marrow and spleen, producing IgA. oestrogen/progestogen oral contraceptive We also found that both lymphocytes and one of the lipids epithelial cell nuclei contain nuclear in Galactocerebroside, administration. in Gaucher's cells reticulo-endothelial bodies. It is likely that both are features of disease, is known to be strongly antigenic Endocrine Assessment of Threatened actively metabolic cells. because of its ability to produce plasma Three varieties of lymphocytes are cell Abortion proliferation when injected into 'activated'. large, and present-small, mice. Could leakage of this or other lipids cells R. E. REWELL Department of Pathology, In addition, occasional plasma The United Liverpool Hospitals, Liverpool) suggest the presence of B type lymphocytes. from the foamy, degenerate Gaucher cells At the end of pregnancy human chorionic We consider that epithelial cells have have stimulated the production of the two
gonadotrophin (HCG) and human percentilelactogen(HPL) in thebloodfall sharply. Since the half-life in the circulation of HPL is much shorter than that of HCG, it is the former that would be expected to be more useful in assessing whether or not a threatened abortion will in fact take place. Several small series have confirmed this, eg, Genazani et al (1969), though their
a functional as well as a structural r6le. There appears to be a continuity between cell mucoprotein-containing' epithelial material, cytoplasm and extracellular which is taken up by macrophages, all in close contact with lymphocytes. Some mucoprotein-containing macroare converted into foam cells. phages These features are most prominent in the
clones of plasma cells in this patient?
Reference
Pratt, P. W., et al. (1968). Blood, 31,
633.
Dissociation of Carboxyhaemoglobin in the Cadaver
(Department of Pathology, General Hospital, Nottingham) Many
H. M. RICE
The Association of Clinical Pathologists: 94th general meeting failure. The average discrepancy between the two methods in 12 cases was 50 ml. A low value of 27*5 ml/kg was obtained in one normal subject using 1251 HSA compared with a value of 50 ml/kg using 99mTc HSA. The 30 pCi dose of99mTc HSA used produces a smaller radiation dose to the whole body including the blood and to the thyroid and would be suitable for sequential plasma volume measurements and measurements in pregnant women.
Reference J.
patients threatened to abort for much longer than happens in Liverpool before this became inevitable. Blood levels of HPL and HCG were measured on admission to hospital for threatened abortion. Women admitted for therapeutic abortion were used as controls. A highly significant difference was found between the mean levels of both hormones for women who in fact aborted and for those whose pregnancy continued: the differences between those wnose pregnancy continued and the
thymoma. The possible significance of these features in relation to humoral epithelial/lymphocyte interaction will be
discussed.
Gaucher's Disease with Biclonal Gammopathy MORVEN MACDONALD, MARGARETMCCATHIE, M. J. W. FAED, R. PRINGLE, H. B. GOODALL, J. S. BECK, G. R. TUDHOPE, P. E. G. MITICHELL, A. J. J. WOOD, W. GUTHRIE, AND D. SHAW
(Pathology Department,NinewellsHospital, Further, Dundee) The association between controls were not significant. the changes of Gaucher's disease and monoclonal
J. C.,Leaver, E. P., and it is possible to calculate Beazley,Smith,M.,G.Matthews, M. (1968). Placental localisation abortion taking place from the level of gammopathy is well documented (Pratt serum albumin. labelled VSmrfc using 1968). The present case appears to either hormone, but unexpectedly HCG et al, J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Cwlth, 75, 470. the first in which Gaucher's disease is be (analysis a more accurate figure gives associated with biclonal gammopathy.
Effects of Natural Oestrogens on Blood of results by Mr M. C. K. Tweedie). A woman aged 48 complained mainly of Clotting-a Double-Blind Cross-over Trial Using both levels a still more accurate tiredness and was found to have pingueassessment emerges. This work was partly supported by a culae, splenomegaly, raised serum acid L. POLLER, J. M. THOMSON, AND J. COOPE and low,-glucosidase activResearch Grant from the former United phosphatase, (Department of Haematology, Withington in skin fibroblasts. The cultured ity Hospital, Manchester) A double-blind Liverpool Hospitals. blood showed pancytopenia with dimorcross-over study on the effect of natural Reference phic red cells. The marrow showed oestrogen on blood clotting and platelet Genazzani, A. R., Aubert, M. L.. Casolif M.. typical Gaucher cells and atypical deFioretti, P., and Felber, J-P. (1969). Lancet, aggregation has been performed on a generate foamy forms; excess of two 2, 1385-1387. group of 30 women. It had been claimed types of plasma cells, large and small; that naturaloestrogen did not have the transitional megaloblasts and giant metaharmful effect of synthetic oestrogen on An EM Study of Human Thynus myelocytes. Serum proteins (9 g per blood coagulation. 100 ml) included two abnormal bands on The women were randomly divided W. JONES WILLLAMS, D. L. JONES, AND electrophoresis, one IgC and one IgA. Welsh THOMAS (Pathology Department, into two groups, the first group received K. Anaemia was partly corrected by oral natural oestrogen (Premarin) for three National School of Medicine, Cardiff) iron and folic acid, but hypersplenism months and then for a further three In a fine structure study of human, normal, persisted, and thrombocytopenia and months received a placebo, whereas the hyperplastic, and tumour thymus, we leucopenia necessitated splenectomy. Two second group received the placebo first. demonstrate similar cell types though weeks after operation the serum IgG was Significant acceleration of the pro- they are present in varying proportions. at the level but IgA was thrombin time and factor VII and X The mixed thymoma differed only in halved. preoperative assays occurred with natural oestrogen showing increased numbers of mitosis With fluorescent anti-IgG and anti-IgA administration but the intrinsic tests were and predominance of large lymphocytes. sera two populations of plasma cells in We the for first describe, time, not accelerated at the three-month stage. were identified-one predominantly in The changes are similar to those which postnatal human thymus, the presence of marrow, producing IgG; the other in occur after three months' synthetic nuclear pockets in lymphocyte nuclei. marrow and spleen, producing IgA. oestrogen/progestogen oral contraceptive We also found that both lymphocytes and one of the lipids epithelial cell nuclei contain nuclear in Galactocerebroside, administration. in Gaucher's cells reticulo-endothelial bodies. It is likely that both are features of disease, is known to be strongly antigenic Endocrine Assessment of Threatened actively metabolic cells. because of its ability to produce plasma Three varieties of lymphocytes are cell Abortion proliferation when injected into 'activated'. large, and present-small, mice. Could leakage of this or other lipids cells R. E. REWELL Department of Pathology, In addition, occasional plasma The United Liverpool Hospitals, Liverpool) suggest the presence of B type lymphocytes. from the foamy, degenerate Gaucher cells At the end of pregnancy human chorionic We consider that epithelial cells have have stimulated the production of the two
gonadotrophin (HCG) and human percentilelactogen(HPL) in thebloodfall sharply. Since the half-life in the circulation of HPL is much shorter than that of HCG, it is the former that would be expected to be more useful in assessing whether or not a threatened abortion will in fact take place. Several small series have confirmed this, eg, Genazani et al (1969), though their
a functional as well as a structural r6le. There appears to be a continuity between cell mucoprotein-containing' epithelial material, cytoplasm and extracellular which is taken up by macrophages, all in close contact with lymphocytes. Some mucoprotein-containing macroare converted into foam cells. phages These features are most prominent in the
clones of plasma cells in this patient?
Reference
Pratt, P. W., et al. (1968). Blood, 31,
633.
Dissociation of Carboxyhaemoglobin in the Cadaver
(Department of Pathology, General Hospital, Nottingham) Many
H. M. RICE
