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Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/khvi20
Reduction of neutralization antibody against heterologous circulating strains in adults immunized with Japanese encephalitis live vaccine ac
ac
a
a
a
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Qing Ye , Xiao-Feng Li , Hui Zhao , Yong-Qiang Deng , Yan-Peng Xu , Huan-Yu Wang , Guob
Dong Liang & Cheng-Feng Qin
a
a
Department of Virology; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity; Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology; Beijing, PR China b
State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Beijing, PR China
Click for updates
c
These authors contributed equally to this work. Accepted author version posted online: 01 Nov 2014.Published online: 06 Nov 2014.
To cite this article: Qing Ye, Xiao-Feng Li, Hui Zhao, Yong-Qiang Deng, Yan-Peng Xu, Huan-Yu Wang, Guo-Dong Liang & ChengFeng Qin (2014) Reduction of neutralization antibody against heterologous circulating strains in adults immunized with Japanese encephalitis live vaccine, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 10:9, 2704-2705, DOI: 10.4161/hv.29509 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/hv.29509
PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http:// www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-and-conditions
LETTER Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 10:9, 2704--2705; September 2014; © 2014 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Reduction of neutralization antibody against heterologous circulating strains in adults immunized with Japanese encephalitis live vaccine Qing Ye1,y, Xiao-Feng Li1,y, Hui Zhao1, Yong-Qiang Deng1, Yan-Peng Xu1, Huan-Yu Wang2, Guo-Dong Liang2, and Cheng-Feng Qin1,*
Downloaded by [Chulalongkorn University] at 15:50 07 January 2015
1
Department of Virology; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity; Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology; Beijing, PR China; 2State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Beijing, PR China y
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Keywords: cross protection, Japanese encephalitis, live vaccine, neutralization, SA14-14-2 JEV is expanding its geographic distribution and epidemic intensity worldwide. JEV vaccination prevents morbidity and mortality, however, recent publications highlighted JE cases in individuals who have received vaccination, raising serious concerns about vaccine efficacy. In the present letter, serum samples from a small cohort of vaccinees (n D 16) were subjected to standard PRNT assays against the vaccine strain and heterologous circulating strains. Our results demonstrated that there is a significant reduction in protective antibodies against JEV circulating strains especially heterologous GI strains in adults immunized with SA14–14–2. Our findings deserve special concern in context of vaccine development and clinical trials evaluation. Japanese encephalitis (JE) remains the most important cause of viral encephalitis in Asia and the Pacific region, and an estimated 50 000–70 000 human cases resulted in about 10 000 deaths worldwide annually.1 Vaccination has been well proven the most successful strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality. The Chinese live attenuated vaccine derived from Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) strain SA14–14–2 has just achieved the World Health Organization prequalification and now been recommended for use in all JE endemic countries.2 To date, more than 300 million children have been immunized with the SA14– 14–2 vaccine, and ideal safety and efficacy profile is well demonstrated in different countries.3,4 However, independent groups from China and India reported a number of JE cases in individuals who have received SA14–14–2 vaccination.5,6 These unexpected results arouse special concerns about the vaccine efficacy and cross protection against heterologous circulating JEV strains. All circulating JEV strains can be divided into 5 genotypes (GI, GII, GIII, GIV, and GV) based on the genome sequence of
envelope gene.7 During past decades, GI strains gradually replaced GIII strains as the dominant circulating strain in Asia.1 However, all JE vaccine strains including SA14–14–2 belong to GIII, whether there is any reduction in cross-protection capacity against heterologous JEV strains is being critically important. Here, we assessed the potency of SA14–14–2-induced neutralizing antibody against the predominant circulating JEV strains in China. A panel of diluted serum samples (n D 16) was collected from healthy adults who have received vaccination with the SA14–14–2 vaccine. Neutralizing antibody titers against the vaccine strain SA14–14–2 (GIII strain) and a number of circulating strains including FJ03 (GIII strain isolated in Fujian, China, 2003), SC04 (GI strain isolated in Sichuan, China, 2004), SH53 (GI strain isolated in Shanghai, China, 2001), and SX06 (GI strain in Shanxi, China, 2006), were determined by using the standard 50% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), respectively. As shown in Figure 1, the PRNT50 titers against the 4 circulating strains were significantly lower than that against SA14– 14–2. Notably, the PRNT50 titer against SC04–17 (
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/khvi20
Reduction of neutralization antibody against heterologous circulating strains in adults immunized with Japanese encephalitis live vaccine ac
ac
a
a
a
b
Qing Ye , Xiao-Feng Li , Hui Zhao , Yong-Qiang Deng , Yan-Peng Xu , Huan-Yu Wang , Guob
Dong Liang & Cheng-Feng Qin
a
a
Department of Virology; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity; Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology; Beijing, PR China b
State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Beijing, PR China
Click for updates
c
These authors contributed equally to this work. Accepted author version posted online: 01 Nov 2014.Published online: 06 Nov 2014.
To cite this article: Qing Ye, Xiao-Feng Li, Hui Zhao, Yong-Qiang Deng, Yan-Peng Xu, Huan-Yu Wang, Guo-Dong Liang & ChengFeng Qin (2014) Reduction of neutralization antibody against heterologous circulating strains in adults immunized with Japanese encephalitis live vaccine, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 10:9, 2704-2705, DOI: 10.4161/hv.29509 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/hv.29509
PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http:// www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-and-conditions
LETTER Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 10:9, 2704--2705; September 2014; © 2014 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Reduction of neutralization antibody against heterologous circulating strains in adults immunized with Japanese encephalitis live vaccine Qing Ye1,y, Xiao-Feng Li1,y, Hui Zhao1, Yong-Qiang Deng1, Yan-Peng Xu1, Huan-Yu Wang2, Guo-Dong Liang2, and Cheng-Feng Qin1,*
Downloaded by [Chulalongkorn University] at 15:50 07 January 2015
1
Department of Virology; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity; Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology; Beijing, PR China; 2State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Beijing, PR China y
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Keywords: cross protection, Japanese encephalitis, live vaccine, neutralization, SA14-14-2 JEV is expanding its geographic distribution and epidemic intensity worldwide. JEV vaccination prevents morbidity and mortality, however, recent publications highlighted JE cases in individuals who have received vaccination, raising serious concerns about vaccine efficacy. In the present letter, serum samples from a small cohort of vaccinees (n D 16) were subjected to standard PRNT assays against the vaccine strain and heterologous circulating strains. Our results demonstrated that there is a significant reduction in protective antibodies against JEV circulating strains especially heterologous GI strains in adults immunized with SA14–14–2. Our findings deserve special concern in context of vaccine development and clinical trials evaluation. Japanese encephalitis (JE) remains the most important cause of viral encephalitis in Asia and the Pacific region, and an estimated 50 000–70 000 human cases resulted in about 10 000 deaths worldwide annually.1 Vaccination has been well proven the most successful strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality. The Chinese live attenuated vaccine derived from Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) strain SA14–14–2 has just achieved the World Health Organization prequalification and now been recommended for use in all JE endemic countries.2 To date, more than 300 million children have been immunized with the SA14– 14–2 vaccine, and ideal safety and efficacy profile is well demonstrated in different countries.3,4 However, independent groups from China and India reported a number of JE cases in individuals who have received SA14–14–2 vaccination.5,6 These unexpected results arouse special concerns about the vaccine efficacy and cross protection against heterologous circulating JEV strains. All circulating JEV strains can be divided into 5 genotypes (GI, GII, GIII, GIV, and GV) based on the genome sequence of
envelope gene.7 During past decades, GI strains gradually replaced GIII strains as the dominant circulating strain in Asia.1 However, all JE vaccine strains including SA14–14–2 belong to GIII, whether there is any reduction in cross-protection capacity against heterologous JEV strains is being critically important. Here, we assessed the potency of SA14–14–2-induced neutralizing antibody against the predominant circulating JEV strains in China. A panel of diluted serum samples (n D 16) was collected from healthy adults who have received vaccination with the SA14–14–2 vaccine. Neutralizing antibody titers against the vaccine strain SA14–14–2 (GIII strain) and a number of circulating strains including FJ03 (GIII strain isolated in Fujian, China, 2003), SC04 (GI strain isolated in Sichuan, China, 2004), SH53 (GI strain isolated in Shanghai, China, 2001), and SX06 (GI strain in Shanxi, China, 2006), were determined by using the standard 50% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), respectively. As shown in Figure 1, the PRNT50 titers against the 4 circulating strains were significantly lower than that against SA14– 14–2. Notably, the PRNT50 titer against SC04–17 (
