By Beverly A. Purnell and Pamela J. Hines
1020
sciencemag.org SCIENCE
9 JUNE 2017 • VOL 356 ISSUE 6342
Published by AAAS
Downloaded from http://science.sciencemag.org/ on June 8, 2017
REPAIR AND REGENERATION
CREDITS: HELEN WEAVERS/UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL
L
ife brings minor ravages in the form of wrinkles and creaky knees, as well as the major sequelae of disease or injury such as blindness, wounds that will not heal, and hearts losing function. The body does its best to deal with each challenge. But unlike the facile reconstruction of missing axolotl and planarian parts, our innate regenerative powers have limits. We are left with scars, diminished mobility, and weakened function. This special issue highlights areas of active research to understand mechanisms of repair and regeneration, with an eye toward therapeutic applications. Active stem cell populations make relatively swift work of refreshing the gut. However, other tissues and organs, such as the mammalian heart and central nervous system, are not so readily rebuilt. Methods to reprogram stem cells are now plentiful, but we also need methods to stimulate cellular regenerative capacity and enhance cell survival. Modulation of the immune system can both help and hinder repair and regeneration. When regeneration is limited, tissue transplantation and bioengineered prosthetics ofer alternative routes. Even single-celled organisms such as Stentor, which can stop cytoplasmic oozing and then reconstruct complex subcellular structures, carry lessons on repair. Emerging concepts and methodological advances take us ever closer to the goal of rebuilding or even enhancing the body. SCIENCE sciencemag.org
INSIDE REVIEWS
Self-repairing cells: How single cells heal membrane ruptures and restore lost structures p. 1022 Infammation and metabolism in tissue repair and regeneration p. 1026 Regenerating optic pathways from the eye to the brain p. 1031 Cardiac regeneration strategies: Staying young at heart p. 1035 RELATED ITEMS c
PERSPECTIVE P. 1014
c
REPORTS PP. 1072 & 1076
c
VIDEO
Time series (upper left to lower right) of the repair of a laser-induced wound in the Drosophila wing epithelium (green webbing), showing the recruitment of macrophages (green with red nuclei) to the injured site. 9 JUNE 2017 • VOL 356 ISSUE 6342
Published by AAAS
1021
Downloaded from http://science.sciencemag.org/ on June 8, 2017
SPECIAL SECTION
Repair and Regeneration Beverly A. Purnell and Pamela J. Hines (June 8, 2017) Science 356 (6342), 1020-1021. [doi: 10.1126/science.356.6342.1020]
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Science (print ISSN 0036-8075; online ISSN 1095-9203) is published weekly, except the last week in December, by the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20005. Copyright 2016 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science; all rights reserved. The title Science is a registered trademark of AAAS.
Downloaded from http://science.sciencemag.org/ on June 8, 2017
Editor's Summary
1020
sciencemag.org SCIENCE
9 JUNE 2017 • VOL 356 ISSUE 6342
Published by AAAS
Downloaded from http://science.sciencemag.org/ on June 8, 2017
REPAIR AND REGENERATION
CREDITS: HELEN WEAVERS/UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL
L
ife brings minor ravages in the form of wrinkles and creaky knees, as well as the major sequelae of disease or injury such as blindness, wounds that will not heal, and hearts losing function. The body does its best to deal with each challenge. But unlike the facile reconstruction of missing axolotl and planarian parts, our innate regenerative powers have limits. We are left with scars, diminished mobility, and weakened function. This special issue highlights areas of active research to understand mechanisms of repair and regeneration, with an eye toward therapeutic applications. Active stem cell populations make relatively swift work of refreshing the gut. However, other tissues and organs, such as the mammalian heart and central nervous system, are not so readily rebuilt. Methods to reprogram stem cells are now plentiful, but we also need methods to stimulate cellular regenerative capacity and enhance cell survival. Modulation of the immune system can both help and hinder repair and regeneration. When regeneration is limited, tissue transplantation and bioengineered prosthetics ofer alternative routes. Even single-celled organisms such as Stentor, which can stop cytoplasmic oozing and then reconstruct complex subcellular structures, carry lessons on repair. Emerging concepts and methodological advances take us ever closer to the goal of rebuilding or even enhancing the body. SCIENCE sciencemag.org
INSIDE REVIEWS
Self-repairing cells: How single cells heal membrane ruptures and restore lost structures p. 1022 Infammation and metabolism in tissue repair and regeneration p. 1026 Regenerating optic pathways from the eye to the brain p. 1031 Cardiac regeneration strategies: Staying young at heart p. 1035 RELATED ITEMS c
PERSPECTIVE P. 1014
c
REPORTS PP. 1072 & 1076
c
VIDEO
Time series (upper left to lower right) of the repair of a laser-induced wound in the Drosophila wing epithelium (green webbing), showing the recruitment of macrophages (green with red nuclei) to the injured site. 9 JUNE 2017 • VOL 356 ISSUE 6342
Published by AAAS
1021
Downloaded from http://science.sciencemag.org/ on June 8, 2017
SPECIAL SECTION
Repair and Regeneration Beverly A. Purnell and Pamela J. Hines (June 8, 2017) Science 356 (6342), 1020-1021. [doi: 10.1126/science.356.6342.1020]
This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only.
Article Tools
Permissions
Visit the online version of this article to access the personalization and article tools: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/356/6342/1020 Obtain information about reproducing this article: http://www.sciencemag.org/about/permissions.dtl
Science (print ISSN 0036-8075; online ISSN 1095-9203) is published weekly, except the last week in December, by the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20005. Copyright 2016 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science; all rights reserved. The title Science is a registered trademark of AAAS.
Downloaded from http://science.sciencemag.org/ on June 8, 2017
Editor's Summary
