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Natural Product Research: Formerly Natural Product Letters Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/gnpl20
The essential oil composition of aerial parts of Anthemis tricolor Boiss. from Cyprus a
a
b
c
C. Karaalp , S. Baykan Erel , A. Nalbantsoy , S. Gücel , B. d
ef
Demirci & K.H.C. Baser a
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey b
Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
Click for updates
c
Institute of Environmental Sciences, Near East University, Lefkosa, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus d
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Türkiye e
Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia f
Technology Transfer Office, Bahcesehir University, 34353 Besiktas-Istanbul, Turkey Published online: 16 Jan 2014.
To cite this article: C. Karaalp, S. Baykan Erel, A. Nalbantsoy, S. Gücel, B. Demirci & K.H.C. Baser (2014) The essential oil composition of aerial parts of Anthemis tricolor Boiss. from Cyprus, Natural Product Research: Formerly Natural Product Letters, 28:7, 488-491, DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2013.867857 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2013.867857
PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources
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This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/page/termsand-conditions
Natural Product Research, 2014 Vol. 28, No. 7, 488–491, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2013.867857
SHORT COMMUNICATION The essential oil composition of aerial parts of Anthemis tricolor Boiss. from Cyprus C. Karaalpa*, S. Baykan Erela, A. Nalbantsoyb, S. Gu¨celc, B. Demircid and K.H.C. Basere,f
Downloaded by [McMaster University] at 09:12 16 December 2014
a
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey; bDepartment of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey; cInstitute of Environmental Sciences, Near East University, Lefkosa, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus; dDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Tu¨rkiye; eDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; a Technology Transfer Office, Bahcesehir University, 34353 Besiktas-Istanbul, Turkey (Received 11 October 2013; final version received 17 November 2013) The water-distilled essential oil from the aerial parts of Anthemis tricolor Boiss. (Asteraceae), an endemic taxon from Cyprus, was analysed by GC and GC – MS. The analysis revealed 40 compounds accounting for 84.5% of the oil. Muurola-4,11-diene (20.2%), b-caryophyllene (9.1%) and germacrene-D (5.5%) were the main compounds of A. tricolor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed study of the essential oil composition of A. tricolor collected from Cyprus. Keywords: Anthemis tricolor; essential oil; GC/MS; muurola-4,11-diene; b-caryophyllene; germacrene-D
1. Introduction Anthemis L. (Asteraceae), with about 210 species, is one of the largest genera in the tribe Anthemideae (Bremer 1994). lt is represented in Cyprus by 10 species belonging to two subgenera and five sections (Meikle 1985). Anthemis tricolor Boiss. is one of the endemic species of Cyprus, occurring from sea level to c. 1000 m altitude. It flowers from February until May and prefers dry, rocky or stony ground, usually on chalk or limestone, in all parts of the island (Meikle 1985). To the best of our knowledge, no information has been reported regarding the bioactivity, chemical composition or detailed volatile profile of A. tricolor. 2. Results and discussion Analysis of the hydrodistilled oil from the dried aerial parts of A. tricolor revealed 40 constituents accounting 84.5% of the oil. The components characterised are given in Table 1 with their percentages and relative retention indices. The main constituents of the oil of A. tricolor were as follows: muurola-4,11-diene (20.2%), b-caryophyllene (9.1%), germacrene D (5.5%), hexadecanoic acid (4.1%) and eugenol (3.8%). Despite the large size of the genus Anthemis, the composition of volatile compounds is known in only a small number of species and among them, the terpenoids consisted the main portion of most investigated essential oils, similar to our results (Saroglou et al. 2006; Radulovic et al. 2009). However, the presence of a sesquiterpene hydrocarbon muurola-4,11-diene appeared to be a distinguishing feature in A. tricolor, which is rare essential oil component. This
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] q 2014 Taylor & Francis
Natural Product Research
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Table 1. Chemical composition of the essential oil of A. tricolor. No
RRI
Compound
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1076 1118 1132 1203 1213 1255 1280 1495 1497 1535 1589 1597 1612 1668 1674 1687 1688 1719
Camphene b-Pinene Sabinene Limonene 1,8-Cineole g-Terpinene p-Cymene Bicycloelemene a-Copaene b-Bourbonene b-Ylangene b-Copaene b-Caryophyllene (Z)-b-Farnesene Muurola-4,11-diene a-Humulene Selina-4,11-diene Borneol
19
1726
Germacrene D
20 1741 b-Bisabolene Total identified compounds
%
No
RRI
Compound
%
1.1 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 2.1 2.1 1.2 0.4 1.2 1 1.1 9.1 1.7 20.2 1.9 1.8 0.8
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
1754 1751 1755 1773 1776 1783 1784 1786 1807 1868 2008 2131 2144 2186 2242 2257 2312 2431
0.9 1.3 1.9 0.5 1.4 1.1 2.7 1.3 2 0.3 1 0.5 0.8 3.8 1.5 0.3 1.3 0.2
5.5
39
2456
1.9
40
2931
(Z)-g-Bisabolene Carvone Bicyclogermacrene d-Cadinene g-Cadinene b-Sesquiphellandrene (E)-a-Bisabolene ar-Curcumene a-Cadinene (E)-Geranyl acetone Caryophyllene oxide Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone Spathulenol Eugenol Methyl hexadecanate b-Eudesmol 9-Geranyl-p-cymene Methyl octadecanoate ( ¼ Methyl stearate) (Z)-9-Methyl octadecanoate ( ¼ Methyl oleate) Hexadecanoic acid
0.9 4.1 84.5
Note: RRI, relative retention indices calculated against n-alkanes. % calculated from FID data.
compound has been reported earlier in Amyris balsamifera L. (Rutaceae) (Koenig et al. 1999) and Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) (Weyerstahl et al. 1999) with lower percentages. A. tricolor belongs to the sect. Anthemis, together with Anthemis plutonia Meikle and Anthemis rigida Boiss. ex. Heldr. (Meikle 1985). Among the 10 Anthemis species growing in Cyprus, the oils of Anthemis chia L., Anthemis cotula L., Anthemis tomentosa L. and Anthemis melanolepis Boiss. [Syn: Anthemis palestina (Kotschyi) Boiss.] collected from different localities of Greece (Saroglou et al. 2006) and A. tomentosa L. from Sicily (Formisano et al. 2012) have been previously investigated. The oils from Anthemis austriaca Jacq. and A. cotula L. from Serbia and Montenegro (Pavlovic et al. 2010) and Anthemis pseudocotula Boiss. from Turkey (Kilic et al. 2011) were also studied. They were all rich in terpenoids, but their composition differed notably. The chemical variability between the oils reported in the papers has been explained by environmental factors. A gas chromatographic survey of essential oils to study species delimitation in Anthemis from Cyprus has been used, but no additional investigation of the chemical structures of the oil compounds was carried out (Oberprieler & Vogt 1999). The infrageneric relationships within the genus Anthemis, based on the life form, morphological, anatomical and genetic characteristics, are at least partially corroborated by the volatile profiles of Anthemis taxa (Radulovic et al. 2009).
3. Experimental 3.1. Plant collection and identification The plant was collected at the flowering stage (April 2012) from Taskent village in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. A voucher specimen has been deposited at the Herbarium of the Near East University (NEUN01337).
490
C. Karaalp et al.
3.2. Isolation of the essential oil The aerial parts of the plant (40 g) were subjected to hydrodistillation for 4 h using Clevenger-type apparatus to produce the essential oil in 0.12% yield.
Downloaded by [McMaster University] at 09:12 16 December 2014
3.3. Analysis of the essential oil The GC – MS analysis was carried out with an Agilent 5975 GC-MSD system. Innowax FSC column (60 m £ 0.25 mm, 0.25 mm film thickness) was used with helium as the carrier gas (0.8 mL/min). GC oven temperature was kept at 608C for 10 min and programmed to 2208C at a rate of 48C/min, and kept constant at 2208C for 10 min and then programmed to 2408C at a rate of 18C/min. Split ratio was adjusted at 40:1. The injector temperature was set at 2508C. Mass spectra were recorded at 70 eV. Mass range was from m/z 35 to 450. The GC analysis was carried out using an Agilent 6890N GC system. Flame ionization detector (FID) temperature was 3008C. To obtain the same elution order with GC –MS, simultaneous auto-injection was done on a duplicate of the same column applying the same operational conditions. Relative percentage amounts of the separated compounds were calculated from FID chromatograms. The analysis results are given in Table 1. 3.4. Identification of the components The essential oil components were identified by comparison of their relative retention times with those of authentic samples or by comparison of their relative retention index (RRI) with series of n-alkanes. Computer matching against commercial (Wiley GC/MS Library, Adams Library, MassFinder 3 Library) (McLafferty & Stauffer 1989; Koenig et al. 2004) and in-house ‘Bas¸er Library of Essential Oil Constituents’ built up by genuine compounds and components of known oils, as well as MS literature data (Joulain & Koenig 1998; ESO 2000, 1999), were used for the identification. 4. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GC and GC – MS determination of the essential oil composition of A. tricolor. The obtained results could find use in the clarification of complex taxonomy of the genus Anthemis. References Bremer K. 1994. Asteraceae-cladistics and classification. Portland, OR: Timber Press. ESO 2000. 1999. The complete database of essential oils. Huizen, The Netherlands: Boelens Aroma Chemical Information Service. Formisano C, Rigano D, Senatore F, Francesco MR, Antonella M, Maurizio B. 2012. Essential oil composition and antibacterial activity of Anthemis mixta and A. tomentosa (Asteraceae). Nat Prod Commun. 7:1379– 1382. Joulain D, Koenig WA. 1998. The atlas of spectra data of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. Hamburg: EB-Verlag. Kilic O, Kocak A, Bagci E. 2011. Composition of the volatile oils of two Anthemis L. taxa from Turkey. Z Naturforsch C. 66(11–12):535–540. Koenig WA, Bu¨low N, Saritas Y. 1999. Identification of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons by gas phase analytical methods. Flavour Fragrance J. 14:367–378. Koenig WA, Joulain D, Hochmuth DH. 2004. Terpenoids and related constituents of essential oils. In: Hochmuth DH, editor. Convenient and rapid analysis of GC/MS. Hamburg: MassFinder 3. McLafferty FW, Stauffer DB. 1989. The Wiley/NBS registry of mass spectral data. New York: Wiley. Meikle RD. 1985. Anthemis L. In: Meikle RD, editor. Flora of Cyprus. Vol. 2. Kew: Bentham-Moxon Trust and Royal Botanic Gardens. Oberprieler C, Vogt R. 1999. Notes on some species of Anthemis (Compositae, Anthemideae) in Cyprus. Bocconea. 11:89–104.
Natural Product Research
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Downloaded by [McMaster University] at 09:12 16 December 2014
Pavlovic M, Lakusic D, Kovacevic N, Tzakou O, Couladis M. 2010. Comparative analysis of essential oils of six Anthemis taxa from Serbia and Montenegro. Chem Biodivers. 7:1231–1244. Radulovic NS, Blagojevic PD, Zlatkovic BK, Palic RM. 2009. Chemotaxonomically important volatiles of the genus Anthemis L. – a detailed GC and GC/MS analyses of Anthemis segetalis Ten. from Montenegro. J Chin Chem Soc. 56:642–652. Saroglou V, Dorizas N, Kypriotakis Z, Skaltsa HD. 2006. Analysis of the essential oil composition of eight Anthemis species from Greece. J Chromatogr A. 1104:313– 322. Weyerstahl P, Marschall H, Eckhardt A, Christiansen C. 1999. Constituents of commercial Brazilian lantana oil. Flavour Fragrance J. 14:15–28.
Natural Product Research: Formerly Natural Product Letters Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/gnpl20
The essential oil composition of aerial parts of Anthemis tricolor Boiss. from Cyprus a
a
b
c
C. Karaalp , S. Baykan Erel , A. Nalbantsoy , S. Gücel , B. d
ef
Demirci & K.H.C. Baser a
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey b
Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
Click for updates
c
Institute of Environmental Sciences, Near East University, Lefkosa, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus d
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Türkiye e
Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia f
Technology Transfer Office, Bahcesehir University, 34353 Besiktas-Istanbul, Turkey Published online: 16 Jan 2014.
To cite this article: C. Karaalp, S. Baykan Erel, A. Nalbantsoy, S. Gücel, B. Demirci & K.H.C. Baser (2014) The essential oil composition of aerial parts of Anthemis tricolor Boiss. from Cyprus, Natural Product Research: Formerly Natural Product Letters, 28:7, 488-491, DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2013.867857 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2013.867857
PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources
of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content.
Downloaded by [McMaster University] at 09:12 16 December 2014
This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/page/termsand-conditions
Natural Product Research, 2014 Vol. 28, No. 7, 488–491, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2013.867857
SHORT COMMUNICATION The essential oil composition of aerial parts of Anthemis tricolor Boiss. from Cyprus C. Karaalpa*, S. Baykan Erela, A. Nalbantsoyb, S. Gu¨celc, B. Demircid and K.H.C. Basere,f
Downloaded by [McMaster University] at 09:12 16 December 2014
a
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey; bDepartment of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey; cInstitute of Environmental Sciences, Near East University, Lefkosa, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus; dDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Tu¨rkiye; eDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; a Technology Transfer Office, Bahcesehir University, 34353 Besiktas-Istanbul, Turkey (Received 11 October 2013; final version received 17 November 2013) The water-distilled essential oil from the aerial parts of Anthemis tricolor Boiss. (Asteraceae), an endemic taxon from Cyprus, was analysed by GC and GC – MS. The analysis revealed 40 compounds accounting for 84.5% of the oil. Muurola-4,11-diene (20.2%), b-caryophyllene (9.1%) and germacrene-D (5.5%) were the main compounds of A. tricolor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed study of the essential oil composition of A. tricolor collected from Cyprus. Keywords: Anthemis tricolor; essential oil; GC/MS; muurola-4,11-diene; b-caryophyllene; germacrene-D
1. Introduction Anthemis L. (Asteraceae), with about 210 species, is one of the largest genera in the tribe Anthemideae (Bremer 1994). lt is represented in Cyprus by 10 species belonging to two subgenera and five sections (Meikle 1985). Anthemis tricolor Boiss. is one of the endemic species of Cyprus, occurring from sea level to c. 1000 m altitude. It flowers from February until May and prefers dry, rocky or stony ground, usually on chalk or limestone, in all parts of the island (Meikle 1985). To the best of our knowledge, no information has been reported regarding the bioactivity, chemical composition or detailed volatile profile of A. tricolor. 2. Results and discussion Analysis of the hydrodistilled oil from the dried aerial parts of A. tricolor revealed 40 constituents accounting 84.5% of the oil. The components characterised are given in Table 1 with their percentages and relative retention indices. The main constituents of the oil of A. tricolor were as follows: muurola-4,11-diene (20.2%), b-caryophyllene (9.1%), germacrene D (5.5%), hexadecanoic acid (4.1%) and eugenol (3.8%). Despite the large size of the genus Anthemis, the composition of volatile compounds is known in only a small number of species and among them, the terpenoids consisted the main portion of most investigated essential oils, similar to our results (Saroglou et al. 2006; Radulovic et al. 2009). However, the presence of a sesquiterpene hydrocarbon muurola-4,11-diene appeared to be a distinguishing feature in A. tricolor, which is rare essential oil component. This
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] q 2014 Taylor & Francis
Natural Product Research
489
Downloaded by [McMaster University] at 09:12 16 December 2014
Table 1. Chemical composition of the essential oil of A. tricolor. No
RRI
Compound
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1076 1118 1132 1203 1213 1255 1280 1495 1497 1535 1589 1597 1612 1668 1674 1687 1688 1719
Camphene b-Pinene Sabinene Limonene 1,8-Cineole g-Terpinene p-Cymene Bicycloelemene a-Copaene b-Bourbonene b-Ylangene b-Copaene b-Caryophyllene (Z)-b-Farnesene Muurola-4,11-diene a-Humulene Selina-4,11-diene Borneol
19
1726
Germacrene D
20 1741 b-Bisabolene Total identified compounds
%
No
RRI
Compound
%
1.1 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 2.1 2.1 1.2 0.4 1.2 1 1.1 9.1 1.7 20.2 1.9 1.8 0.8
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
1754 1751 1755 1773 1776 1783 1784 1786 1807 1868 2008 2131 2144 2186 2242 2257 2312 2431
0.9 1.3 1.9 0.5 1.4 1.1 2.7 1.3 2 0.3 1 0.5 0.8 3.8 1.5 0.3 1.3 0.2
5.5
39
2456
1.9
40
2931
(Z)-g-Bisabolene Carvone Bicyclogermacrene d-Cadinene g-Cadinene b-Sesquiphellandrene (E)-a-Bisabolene ar-Curcumene a-Cadinene (E)-Geranyl acetone Caryophyllene oxide Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone Spathulenol Eugenol Methyl hexadecanate b-Eudesmol 9-Geranyl-p-cymene Methyl octadecanoate ( ¼ Methyl stearate) (Z)-9-Methyl octadecanoate ( ¼ Methyl oleate) Hexadecanoic acid
0.9 4.1 84.5
Note: RRI, relative retention indices calculated against n-alkanes. % calculated from FID data.
compound has been reported earlier in Amyris balsamifera L. (Rutaceae) (Koenig et al. 1999) and Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) (Weyerstahl et al. 1999) with lower percentages. A. tricolor belongs to the sect. Anthemis, together with Anthemis plutonia Meikle and Anthemis rigida Boiss. ex. Heldr. (Meikle 1985). Among the 10 Anthemis species growing in Cyprus, the oils of Anthemis chia L., Anthemis cotula L., Anthemis tomentosa L. and Anthemis melanolepis Boiss. [Syn: Anthemis palestina (Kotschyi) Boiss.] collected from different localities of Greece (Saroglou et al. 2006) and A. tomentosa L. from Sicily (Formisano et al. 2012) have been previously investigated. The oils from Anthemis austriaca Jacq. and A. cotula L. from Serbia and Montenegro (Pavlovic et al. 2010) and Anthemis pseudocotula Boiss. from Turkey (Kilic et al. 2011) were also studied. They were all rich in terpenoids, but their composition differed notably. The chemical variability between the oils reported in the papers has been explained by environmental factors. A gas chromatographic survey of essential oils to study species delimitation in Anthemis from Cyprus has been used, but no additional investigation of the chemical structures of the oil compounds was carried out (Oberprieler & Vogt 1999). The infrageneric relationships within the genus Anthemis, based on the life form, morphological, anatomical and genetic characteristics, are at least partially corroborated by the volatile profiles of Anthemis taxa (Radulovic et al. 2009).
3. Experimental 3.1. Plant collection and identification The plant was collected at the flowering stage (April 2012) from Taskent village in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. A voucher specimen has been deposited at the Herbarium of the Near East University (NEUN01337).
490
C. Karaalp et al.
3.2. Isolation of the essential oil The aerial parts of the plant (40 g) were subjected to hydrodistillation for 4 h using Clevenger-type apparatus to produce the essential oil in 0.12% yield.
Downloaded by [McMaster University] at 09:12 16 December 2014
3.3. Analysis of the essential oil The GC – MS analysis was carried out with an Agilent 5975 GC-MSD system. Innowax FSC column (60 m £ 0.25 mm, 0.25 mm film thickness) was used with helium as the carrier gas (0.8 mL/min). GC oven temperature was kept at 608C for 10 min and programmed to 2208C at a rate of 48C/min, and kept constant at 2208C for 10 min and then programmed to 2408C at a rate of 18C/min. Split ratio was adjusted at 40:1. The injector temperature was set at 2508C. Mass spectra were recorded at 70 eV. Mass range was from m/z 35 to 450. The GC analysis was carried out using an Agilent 6890N GC system. Flame ionization detector (FID) temperature was 3008C. To obtain the same elution order with GC –MS, simultaneous auto-injection was done on a duplicate of the same column applying the same operational conditions. Relative percentage amounts of the separated compounds were calculated from FID chromatograms. The analysis results are given in Table 1. 3.4. Identification of the components The essential oil components were identified by comparison of their relative retention times with those of authentic samples or by comparison of their relative retention index (RRI) with series of n-alkanes. Computer matching against commercial (Wiley GC/MS Library, Adams Library, MassFinder 3 Library) (McLafferty & Stauffer 1989; Koenig et al. 2004) and in-house ‘Bas¸er Library of Essential Oil Constituents’ built up by genuine compounds and components of known oils, as well as MS literature data (Joulain & Koenig 1998; ESO 2000, 1999), were used for the identification. 4. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GC and GC – MS determination of the essential oil composition of A. tricolor. The obtained results could find use in the clarification of complex taxonomy of the genus Anthemis. References Bremer K. 1994. Asteraceae-cladistics and classification. Portland, OR: Timber Press. ESO 2000. 1999. The complete database of essential oils. Huizen, The Netherlands: Boelens Aroma Chemical Information Service. Formisano C, Rigano D, Senatore F, Francesco MR, Antonella M, Maurizio B. 2012. Essential oil composition and antibacterial activity of Anthemis mixta and A. tomentosa (Asteraceae). Nat Prod Commun. 7:1379– 1382. Joulain D, Koenig WA. 1998. The atlas of spectra data of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. Hamburg: EB-Verlag. Kilic O, Kocak A, Bagci E. 2011. Composition of the volatile oils of two Anthemis L. taxa from Turkey. Z Naturforsch C. 66(11–12):535–540. Koenig WA, Bu¨low N, Saritas Y. 1999. Identification of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons by gas phase analytical methods. Flavour Fragrance J. 14:367–378. Koenig WA, Joulain D, Hochmuth DH. 2004. Terpenoids and related constituents of essential oils. In: Hochmuth DH, editor. Convenient and rapid analysis of GC/MS. Hamburg: MassFinder 3. McLafferty FW, Stauffer DB. 1989. The Wiley/NBS registry of mass spectral data. New York: Wiley. Meikle RD. 1985. Anthemis L. In: Meikle RD, editor. Flora of Cyprus. Vol. 2. Kew: Bentham-Moxon Trust and Royal Botanic Gardens. Oberprieler C, Vogt R. 1999. Notes on some species of Anthemis (Compositae, Anthemideae) in Cyprus. Bocconea. 11:89–104.
Natural Product Research
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Downloaded by [McMaster University] at 09:12 16 December 2014
Pavlovic M, Lakusic D, Kovacevic N, Tzakou O, Couladis M. 2010. Comparative analysis of essential oils of six Anthemis taxa from Serbia and Montenegro. Chem Biodivers. 7:1231–1244. Radulovic NS, Blagojevic PD, Zlatkovic BK, Palic RM. 2009. Chemotaxonomically important volatiles of the genus Anthemis L. – a detailed GC and GC/MS analyses of Anthemis segetalis Ten. from Montenegro. J Chin Chem Soc. 56:642–652. Saroglou V, Dorizas N, Kypriotakis Z, Skaltsa HD. 2006. Analysis of the essential oil composition of eight Anthemis species from Greece. J Chromatogr A. 1104:313– 322. Weyerstahl P, Marschall H, Eckhardt A, Christiansen C. 1999. Constituents of commercial Brazilian lantana oil. Flavour Fragrance J. 14:15–28.
