The MIND Manifesto On

February 16th 1971 a new 'lobby' was born. On this date the Mind Campaign was launched under the direction of the Rt. Hon. David Ennals,PC. The Mind Campaign is intended to draw attention to the needs of the mentally sick and handicapped who are given too low a priority in our daily

life. The National Association for Mental Health is supported in the Mind Campaign by over 100 national voluntary organisations. The climax of the first year of the Campaign will be in the autumn when there will be a national Mind Week from October 17th to 23rd. The Mind

is based on a declaration of principles the Mind Manifesto which has been published separately. The text is reproduced here so that readers will be aware of the philosophy underlying the Campaign.

Campaign

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Syndication International

The Mind Campaign is a challenge to you to question what sort of society we are creating in Britain: to ask whether our material progress has been matched by advances in human well-being. More does not necessarily mean better; human happiness does not automatically follow an increase in the Gross National Product; our hard-won improvement in living standards has done little to increase our sense of well-being. This manifesto is a plea for those who most need our help and compassion, the mentally sick and handicapped? casualties in the struggle for survival.

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Irt'ewr-.:

Several million of

us regularly take tranquillising anti-depressant drugs to relieve mental or emotional strain. Millions cannot get a good night's sleep without the help of drugs.

There have been great advances in medical knowfewer children die at birth; people live young people grow up fitter, taller and some diseases have been virtually stronger; eradicated. For the majority of the population social conditions and educational opportunities have improved. But we have yet to understand why in our society there are many maladjusted children, many attempted suicides, much loneliness, stress, anxiety and depression. No boundaries mark out mental illness from mental health. Just as most mentally ill people have periods of stability and insight, so do 'normal' people experience feelings of irrational anxiety and depression. Mental illness may begin as a distortion and exaggeration of moods and emotions which we all share. So the mentally ill are not a separate race, divorced from our world and our experience: they are 'we' and we are 'they'.

ledge: longer;

Many

hundreds of thousands of

us

attend

patient clinics and doctors' surgeries each year complaints which are not physical in origin. On

than 1 million of

out-

for

who before 1980: the latest hospital admission figures show that 1 in 6 girls now at school and 1 in 9 boys can expect to spend some part of their lives as in-patients in mental hospitals. 46% of our hospital beds are occupied by the mentally disordered: more than half the remainder are filled by patients whose condition may have resulted from emotional stress: alcoholism, drug addiction, accidents, attempted suicide and the diseases caused by tobacco smoking and excessive current trends more

are now

mentally

fit will seek

us

psychiatric help

eating.

Syndication International

Syndication International

or

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In their more acute form, mental and emotional disorders are the hardest kinds of suffering to bear, and they inflict the greatest distress on families and friends: a mentally handicapped child, an alcoholic father, a depressed mother can impose strains that may bring families to breaking point. Those who suffer mental illness or handicap are more likely to be unemployed, ill-housed and poor than the

mentally

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fit.

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are we

talking

*

about?

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*

We

everyone. While you may be

talking about lucky enough not to are

become mentally ill yourself, member of your family, a neighbour, a friend, or a workmate will suffer some mental disorder at some time in their lives. it is probable that

clinics, special schools, and psychiatric hospitals. At least 6,000 young people between the ages of 10 and 20 enter hospitals for the mentally ill each year.

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Millions of people in Britain have their lives affected?directly or indirectly?by problems of illness of the mind.

Who

Over 72,000 children of school age are emotionally disturbed and receiving help from child guidance

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a

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There are almost 13,000 children and adolescents in hospitals for the mentally handicapped. Each year 4,500 people kill themselves; 40,000 make unsuccessful attempts at suicide; 1,000 men a year cannot face retirement and kill themselves.

Nearly 3,000 people

were

registered

as

drug

addicts in 1969. There are about 400,000 alcoholics in this country. About one third of the estimated 30,000 vagrants in Britain are mentally ill. Over 30 million working days were lost in 1967/68 in Britain through mental illness and cost the country almost ?30 million in sickness benefit. Over 1,000 women suffer every year from acute and sometimes long-lasting depression after giving birth to a child. Over 8,000 women develop psychiatric illnesses every year at the time of their menopause. 22,000 mentally confused people over the age of 65 are taken every year from their homes and cared for in hospital. There are 107,000 mentally ill people in hospitals in England, and a further 82,000 are cared for by local authorities. There are 61,000 mentally handicapped people in hospitals and 96,000 cared for by local authorities. In all there are about 3,000,000 people in Britain whose lives are shadowed by mental disorder.

A call for

action in the 1970s Every

citizen has the

right

to demand

that mental

given as high a priority as physical health. Everyone suffering mental disorder shares with all

health be

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Tony Othen

\

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V

right to a life of human dignity, with a job and friends. Every family with a mentally disabled member has the right either to care for him at home with help and of

us

home,

the a

support from statutory and voluntary services, or to know that an acceptable alternative is available. All those whose profession is to care for the mentally disordered have the right to proper working conditions in which to exercise their skills.

Treatment units is needed to provide alternative units, for in district general hospitals, and to redevelop existing hospitals with accommodation for patients in small units. No 'living' units within the new hospital setting should contain more than 30 adult patients or 20 children. 15% of patients now in hospitals for the mentally ill are in wards of 50 or more beds; so are 25% of patients in hospitals for the mentally handicapped. There are no lockers for personal possessions for one third of all handicapped adult patients, because wards are crammed with beds. Progressive treatment can only get results in small, homely and manageable units.

Money

instance

Psyehiatric Hospitals No

new

large psychiatric hospitals should be

built

and the aim should be to close as many as possible of the existing ones before the end of the decade.

Community Local authorities

homes, day

must act now to

centres

allow all the

fit

to leave

care

and

mentally ill hospital to do

the hostels, support services to

provide

family and handicapped patients so.

About half of the 60,000 patients in our hospitals for the mentally handicapped do not need specialist medical and nursing care. They could leave hospital now if alternative facilities within the community, which local authorities have the power to provide, existed. Thousands of patients in hospitals for the mentally ill who have responded to treatment, could have a new lease of life in the community if a policy of providing sheltered employment, group homes and care was

vigorously pursued.

John

Brooke

family supportive

Such large

buildings, designed by

the Victorians

asylums, isolate the mentally disordered from society and are totally unsuitable for progressive as

Children at risk

secure

methods of treatment. 65% of British hospitals for the mentally ill were built before 1891?40% more than 100 years ago. 53 hospitals for the mentally ill have more than 1,000 beds?7 have more than 2,000. 17 hospitals for the mentally handicapped have more than 1,000 beds?2 more than 2,000.

The

Ministry

of Health recommendations in 1964?

that there should be 20-25

places for children per million of the population?must now be implemented. This means at least 1,200 places for adolescents and at least 1,500 beds for seriously disturbed children. In fact, by 1969 there were still only 318 adolescent places in England and Wales and only 660 beds in special units for children. 5

A

dignified old

Money is needed

age

to

services and

buildings,

provide that staff with the equipment with which to do

their job. At present only 13.5% of total National Health Service expenditure is devoted to the mentally disordered.

The elderly, where possible, should stay at home, but they and their families must have adequate supportive care: home helps, day centres, and shortterm facilities. 45% of patients in hospitals for the mentally ill are over the age of 65. Many are not mentally ill; they have symptoms associated with advancing years. They should not be 'forgotten' in a long-stay ward of a psychiatric hospital.

Planning An integrated scheme of treatment and care, both in hospital and the community, must be planned to suit the needs of each patient. Hospitals and the authorities in the areas they serve do not work in sufficiently close co-operation. In many areas the victims of the fragmented service leave hospital to inadequate after-care. They need help to get a job, find a home and take up the threads of their lives.

Martin Weaver

Syndication International

fif f.

Research Government and research foundations must investigate the social, environmental and bio-chemical factors in mental disorders. Only 8.5% of the Medical Research Council's current budget is devoted to research into mental disorder. Yet schizophrenia, depression and paranoia are just as crippling as heart disease, cancer and bronchitis. To attract our most promising young research scientists, we need to emphasise the human and scientific challenge of mental disorder.

Voluntary action We need in the

people

care

of the

Voluntary

Resources The Government must release more resources for the mental health services. To recruit good staff for the mental health services, a proper career and pay structure is needed.

of all ages to volunteer their mentally disordered.

workers have

a

special

part

to

help

play

in

the recovery of the mentally ill. Young volunteers, for example, bring enthusiasm and energy into the deprived world of the mentally disordered

helping

patient. But

voluntary help

cannot be on a

basis. Planning is needed to the full.

to

train and

'hit use

or

miss'

volunteers

Thousands of

managing

just. They

are

the

illness and health.

Community

be available

of isolation from family and neighbourhood contacts?the noise and pressures of life in overcrowded cities?the pollution of air, land and at the expense

'limping along' in society, community?but only people in the twilight between

people

are

live within the

to

to

water.

advisory services should them for support in their struggle to

casework and

'

'?>

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remain

International

independent. They are among the last to receive help because they do not demand it or know how to obtain it.

Safeguarding

Syndication

the next

generation enough to care for those who are already We owe it to future generations disordered. mentally to learn enough to protect them from the devastating consequences of mental distress, illness and handicap. There have been great advances in the treatment of disease. In many cases we do not know why the treatment works and we are only beginning to understand anything about prevention. Research is vital. We all need to 'belong' in the family, the neighnot

Tony Othen

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community. If the family, community are to be preserved, and policy makers must take into account the psychological consequences of their actions. A great deal of damage is already being done day by day in the name of technological advance? high blocks of flats which provide material comfort bourhood and the wider

neighbourhood then planners

and

Education has a major role to play. Teachers, with the help of social research, must understand the 'forces that shape their pupils' attitudes, the clues to individual strength and social competence. And they must extend the horizons of caring and concern to those who may always need more help than others. The mind remains the greatest force of both creativity and self-destruction. Seeking to understand it continues to be man's greatest challenge.

Robert Broeder

It is

And what of pollution of the mind? It is as yet unknown to what extent violence on television, in the cinema and literature leads to violence in thought and action. We do not yet know what impact the free circulation of pornography has on immature minds. Advertising and the mass media constantly besiege the mind with images of a consumer society with grossly distorted values.

Work to be done The National Association for Mental Health, which is the spearhead of the Mind Campaign, with your help can do much of the work which desperately needs to be done. NAMH is concerned with people, patients and their families, and with the promotion of mental health. It is concerned with those suffering from any form of mental illness?schizophrenia, depression, anxiety and mental confusion which may come with old age; with children and young people who are maladjusted, emotionally disturbed or mentally handicapped to any degree; with mentally handicapped people who need training and assistance if they are to lead as full a life as possible.

Mental disorder in its

varying forms and degrees the greatest cause of unhappiness in our country. Yet our society is not oriented towards mental health, but towards physical progress. The great bulk of its resources is devoted to increasing the nation's physical well-being, while our greatest need ?the health of our minds?has been neglected. The time has come to give the quest for mental health a far higher priority in our national life. This is the aim of the Mind Campaign. is

Objectives Mind has 1.

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runs homes, schools and hostels for children, adolescents, adults and old people. provides an advisory casework service. organises short courses for those whose work demands an understanding of mental disorder, including doctors, teachers, social workers, clergy,

administrators. establishes local mental health associations which provide a wide range of educational, social and after-care services. helps to inform and shape public opinion about mental health and gathers support for more and better mental health services. encourages volunteers to share in the care and rehabilitation of the mentally disordered.

In the twenty-five years since the National Association for Mental Health came into existence there has

been much progress in the treatment of mental illness, in the carc and training of the mentally handicapped and in public attitudes. Yet more than a decade after the 1959 Mental Health Act, we still have grossly

hospitals and shockingly inadequate

overcrowded and understaffed mental

community facilities in many local

To create

main

it is 2.

to

objectives

concern

and be found.

?

for mental health and to chalwhenever and wherever

neglect

ignorance of the causes and treatof mental disorder. To improve services for the mentally disordered in hospital and community. To support the relatives of the mentally disordered who may need as much help as the To

overcome

ment

3.

patients.

NAMH

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seven

lenge apathy

4.

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arguably

which

authority

are

areas.

5. To mobilise voluntary help in the cause of mental health?in hospitals, hostels, sheltered homes, in social activities, children's play groups, and in support of patients' relatives. 6. To raise funds for the work of the National Association for Mental Health and its local associations?to provide schools for maladjusted children, hostels, homes, day centres, industrial therapy units and other care facilities. 7. To sponsor research.

Support Campaign is backed by over 100 national organisations including: the National Society for Mentally Handicapped Children, the British Red Cross Society, the National Council of Social Service, Shelter, the Spastics Society, the Child Poverty Action Group, the National Old People's Welfare The Mind

Council, the National Union of Students, Rotary International, the Trades Union Congress, the British Institute of Management, the Central Council for the Disabled, as well as hospital authorities.

Help is especially needed in MIND WEEK Offer you support NOW?on the form.

The Mind Manifesto.

The Mind Campaign, launched on February 16th 1971, is based on the Mind Manifesto-printed here to express the philosophy behind the campaign...
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