Author's Accepted Manuscript
The neural correlates of tic inhibition in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome Christos Ganos, Ursula Kahl, Valerie Brandt, Odette Schunke, Tobias Bäumer, Götz Thomalla, Veit Roessner, Patrick Haggard, Alexander Münchau, Simone Kühn
www.elsevier.com/locate/neuropsychologia
PII: DOI: Reference:
S0028-3932(14)00270-X http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.08.007 NSY5256
To appear in:
Neuropsychologia
Received date: 19 March 2014 Revised date: 3 August 2014 Accepted date: 6 August 2014 Cite this article as: Christos Ganos, Ursula Kahl, Valerie Brandt, Odette Schunke, Tobias Bäumer, Götz Thomalla, Veit Roessner, Patrick Haggard, Alexander Münchau, Simone Kühn, The neural correlates of tic inhibition in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, Neuropsychologia, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. neuropsychologia.2014.08.007 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
The neural correlates of tic inhibition in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome Christos Ganos1,2,3, Ursula Kahl1, Valerie Brandt3, Odette Schunke1, Tobias Bäumer3, Götz Thomalla1, Veit Roessner5, Patrick Haggard4, Alexander Münchau3 and Simone Kühn6 1
Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK 2 Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany 3 Department of Paediatric and Adult Movement Disorders and Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany 4 Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK 5 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany 6 Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Correspondence to: Dr. Christos Ganos Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders UCL Institute of Neurology Queen Square London, WC1N 3BG Email: [email protected] Abstract: Background: Tics in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) resemble fragments of normal motor behaviour but appear in an intrusive, repetitive and context‐ inappropriate manner. Although tics can be voluntarily inhibited on demand, the neural correlates of this process remain unclear. Methods: 14 GTS adults without relevant comorbidities participated in this study. First, tic severity and voluntary tic inhibitory capacity were evaluated outside the scanner. Second, patients were examined with resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS‐fMRI) in two states, free ticcing and voluntary tic inhibition. Local synchronization of spontaneous fMRI‐signal was analyzed with regional homogeneity (ReHo) and differences between both states
1
(free ticcing FreeTiccing condition (p 30 displayed in orange). Results are overlaid onto a T1 weighted MNI single subject template (colin27). IFG = Inferior frontal gyrus.
21
Highlights ‐ Tics resemble voluntary actions but appear exaggerated and out of context ‐ Tics can be voluntarily inhibited but the mechanisms behind this remain unclear ‐ Resting state fMRI was employed to elucidate the neural correlates of tic inhibition ‐ The left inferior frontal gyrus was identified as a key‐area in tic inhibition ‐ Premonitory urges were unrelated to the neural signature of tic inhibition
22
Figure
The neural correlates of tic inhibition in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome Christos Ganos, Ursula Kahl, Valerie Brandt, Odette Schunke, Tobias Bäumer, Götz Thomalla, Veit Roessner, Patrick Haggard, Alexander Münchau, Simone Kühn
www.elsevier.com/locate/neuropsychologia
PII: DOI: Reference:
S0028-3932(14)00270-X http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.08.007 NSY5256
To appear in:
Neuropsychologia
Received date: 19 March 2014 Revised date: 3 August 2014 Accepted date: 6 August 2014 Cite this article as: Christos Ganos, Ursula Kahl, Valerie Brandt, Odette Schunke, Tobias Bäumer, Götz Thomalla, Veit Roessner, Patrick Haggard, Alexander Münchau, Simone Kühn, The neural correlates of tic inhibition in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, Neuropsychologia, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. neuropsychologia.2014.08.007 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
The neural correlates of tic inhibition in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome Christos Ganos1,2,3, Ursula Kahl1, Valerie Brandt3, Odette Schunke1, Tobias Bäumer3, Götz Thomalla1, Veit Roessner5, Patrick Haggard4, Alexander Münchau3 and Simone Kühn6 1
Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK 2 Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany 3 Department of Paediatric and Adult Movement Disorders and Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany 4 Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK 5 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany 6 Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Correspondence to: Dr. Christos Ganos Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders UCL Institute of Neurology Queen Square London, WC1N 3BG Email: [email protected] Abstract: Background: Tics in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) resemble fragments of normal motor behaviour but appear in an intrusive, repetitive and context‐ inappropriate manner. Although tics can be voluntarily inhibited on demand, the neural correlates of this process remain unclear. Methods: 14 GTS adults without relevant comorbidities participated in this study. First, tic severity and voluntary tic inhibitory capacity were evaluated outside the scanner. Second, patients were examined with resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS‐fMRI) in two states, free ticcing and voluntary tic inhibition. Local synchronization of spontaneous fMRI‐signal was analyzed with regional homogeneity (ReHo) and differences between both states
1
(free ticcing FreeTiccing condition (p 30 displayed in orange). Results are overlaid onto a T1 weighted MNI single subject template (colin27). IFG = Inferior frontal gyrus.
21
Highlights ‐ Tics resemble voluntary actions but appear exaggerated and out of context ‐ Tics can be voluntarily inhibited but the mechanisms behind this remain unclear ‐ Resting state fMRI was employed to elucidate the neural correlates of tic inhibition ‐ The left inferior frontal gyrus was identified as a key‐area in tic inhibition ‐ Premonitory urges were unrelated to the neural signature of tic inhibition
22
Figure
