Two-year results of treatment with depot leuprolide acetate for central precocious puberty E. K. Neely, MD, R. L. Hintz, MD, B. Parker, MD, L. K. B a c h r a c h , MD, P. C o h e n , MD, R. Olney, MD, a n d D. M. Wilson, MD From the Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical Center, California, and the Department of Radiology, Lucile Salter Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, California We report results from 2 years of therapy with the long-acting form of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) a n a l o g leuprolide acetate, which was previously reported in short-term trials to be efficacious in the treatment of central precocious puberty. Thirteen girls and two boys, a g e d 1.9 to 9.7 years, who satisfied clinical criteria including GnRH-stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) >10 IU/L (mean radioimmunoassay LH, 29.1 +_ 5.54 IU/L), r e c e i v e d d e p o t leuprolide, 6 to 15 mg intramuscularly every 4 weeks. Estradiol (or testosterone), insulin-like growth factor I, and GnRH-stimulated g o n a d o t r o p i n s were o b t a i n e d at baseline, at 2 months, and at 6-month intervals with b o n e a g e determinations. Pubertal progression c e a s e d in all patients, and menses did not occur. Mean increase in height during therapy was 5.77 +_ 2.0 cm/yr. Predicted adult height increased over baseline by 5.52 _+ 1.16 cm at 18 months. Mean estradiol values in the girls d e c l i n e d from 3.3 +_ 0.6 to 0.60 + 0.03 ng/dl, with no overlap of baseline and treatment values. The mean basal LH value was u n c h a n g e d by therapy; mean basal and p e a k LH values for all follow-up GnRH stimulation tests were 4.05 _ 0.57 and 4.95 _+ 0.70 IU/L, respectively. Basal and p e a k follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) values were suppressed from 4.10 + 0.62 and 10.06 +__1.34 IU/L, respectively, to generally u n d e t e c t a b l e levels (