ALTERED
13. 14. 15. 16.
17.
18.
19. 20.
21.
CORROSION
RESISTANCE
22. Maijer R, Smith DC. Corrosion of orthodontic bracket bases. Am J Orthod 1982;81:43-8. 23. Buchman D. Effects of recycling in metallic direct-bond orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod 1980;77:654-88. 24. Espevik S. Corrosion of base metal alloys in vitro. Acta Odontol Stand 1978;36:113-6. 25. Pameijer CH, Giants P, Mobasherat MA. On clinical corrosion of pins. Swed Dent J 1983;7:161-7. 26. Derand T. Corrosion of screwposts. Odont Revy 1971;22:371-8. 27. Soremark R, Ingela 0, Plett H, Samsabl LK. Inthmnce of some dental restorations on the concentrations of inorganic constituents of the teeth. Acta Odontol &and 1962;20:215-24. 28. Bergenholtz A, Hedegard B, Soremark R. Studies of the transport of metal ions from gold inlays into environmental tissues. Acta Odontol &and 1965;23:135-46. 29. Arvidson K, Wroblewski R. Migration of metallic ions from screwposts into dentin and surrounding tissues. Stand J Dent Ras 1978;86:209-5.
In: Biomechanics in clinical dentistry. Chicago: Quintessence Pub1 Co Inc, 1987;185-203. Angmar-Mansson B, Omnell K, Rud J. Root fractures due to corrosion: 1. metallurgical aspects. Odontologisk Revy 1969;20:245-65. Petersen KB. Longitudinal root fracture due to corrosion of an endodontic post. J Can Dent Assn 19’71;2:66-8. Rud J, Omnell K. Root fractures due to corrosion: diagnostic aspects. Stand J Dent Res 1970;78:397-403. Silness J, Gustavsen F, Hunsbeth J. Distribution of corrosion products in teeth restored with metal crowns retained by stainless steel posts. Acta Odontol Stand 1979;37:317-21. American Society for Testing and Materials. Standard method for optical emission spectrometric analysis of stainless type 18-8 steels by the point-to-plane technique (Designation: E327-68). In: Priemonn-Storer RA, ed. Annual book of ASTM standards. Easton, Md: ASTM, 1985;3.06:150-3. American Society for Tasting and Materials. Standard practices for detecting susceptibility to intergranular attack in austenitic stainless steels (Designation A262-84). In: Priemon-Storer RA, ed. Annual book of ASTM standards. Easton, Md: ASTM, 1985;1.05:81-98. Brick RM, Gordon RB, Arthur A. Stainless steels. In: Structure and properties of alloys, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co, lQ65;339-58. Lyman T. Metals handbook: atlas of microstructure of industrial alloys. 8th ad. Mehl RF, ed. Metals Park, Ohio: American Society for Metals, 1972;7:82. Phillips RW. Wrought base metal alloys. In: Skinner’s science of dental materials. 7th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 1983;641-56.
Using
a tooth-reduction
Reprint requests to: DR. JOHNA.SORENSEN CHS 33-041 SCH~~LOFDENTISTRY UNIVERSITyOFCALIFORNJs4 LosANGELEs.CA~OOZ~
guide for modifying
L. Kirk Gardner, D.D.S.,* Arthur 0. Rahn, D.D.S.,** Gregory R. Parr, D.D.S.,** and David W. Richardson, Medical
College
of Georgia,
School
of Dentistry,
Augusta,
natural
teeth
D.D.S.***
Ga.
A simplified method of transferring diagnostic odontoplastic information from the cast to the patient is described. This technique can be used successfully when treating fixed, removable, or combination prosthodontics patients. (J F’ROSTIIET DENT
1990;63:637-9.)
T
ransferring tooth modifications accurately from altered diagnostic casts to the mouth can be difficult and tedious. A technique for fabrication of a treatment template is described.
PROCEDURE 1. Perfect the occlusal plane on diagnostic casts by using a template or any other desired method with a sharp knife, stones, or burs (Fig. 1).lm4 2. Paint the cast with a tinfoil substitute and allow it to dry. 3. Adapt autopolymerizing acrylic resin (dough stage) to the facial surface of the modified teeth on the cast and cut to the occlusal height of the altered teeth.
*Associate **Professor, ***Assistant
Professor, Department of Prosthodontics. Department of Prosthodontics. Professor, Department of Prosthodontics.
10/l/17710
TEE
JOURNAL
OF PROSTHETIC
DENTISTRY
Fig. 1. Occlusal plane adjusted by use of 20-degree template. 4. Lubricate acrylic resin surfaces in the modified locations with petroleum jelly and apply a second mix of acrylic resin to make the lingual portion of the guide. 5. After the acrylic resin is cured, remove the guide in two pieces and smooth any rough surfaces (Figs. 2 and 3). 637
GARDNER
Fig. cast. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig.
2. Autopolymerizing 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
ET AL
acrylic resin reduction guides in place on adjusted diagnostic
Labial and lingual components of guide separated for removal. Acrylic resin guide in place before reduction. Vinyl polysiloxane reduction guide in place and trimmed on diagnostic cast. Vinyl polysiloxane guide in place before reduction. Teeth after reduction are reshaped, rounded, and polished.
JUNE
1090
VOLUME
68
NUMBEB
6
TOOTHREDUCTIONGUIDE
6. Place the reduction guide in the patient’s mouth and accurately reshape the desired teeth (Fig. 4). 7. Narrow, polish, and smooth the occlusal surfaces of the odontoplasty, further reduce the teeth to receive crowns, and make temporary restorations. Vinyl polysiloxane may also be used for the construction of the reduction guide.
PROCEDURE Place polysiloxane putty (50/50) over the modified stone teeth, adapt it to both the facial and lingual aspects (no separating media is necessary), and allow it to set. 2. Reduce the height of the putty flush with the level of the occlusal surfaces of the altered teeth with a sharp knife. 3. Remove the guide from the cast in one piece and posi1.
Marginal
accuracy
of provisional
tion it over the natural teeth to indicate the necessary modifications (Figs. 5 through 7). REFERENCES 1. Ellinger CW, Rayson JH, Henderson D. Single complete dentures. J PROSTHET DENT 1971;26:1-10. 2. Sharry JJ. Complete denture prosthodontics. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1974313-5. 3. Mann AW, Pankey LD. Use of Pankey-Mann instrument in restoring the lower posterior teeth. J PROSTHET DENT 1960;10:135-50. 4. Dawson PE. Evaluation and diagnosis and treatment of occlusal problems. St Louis: CV Mosby Co, 1974.
Reprint
D.D.S., M.S.D.,* and John B. Holmes,
University
San Francisco,
School
of Dentistry,
to:
restorative
Jack H. Koumjian, of California,
requests
DR. L. KIRK GARDNER SCHOLL OF DENTISTRY MEDICAL COLLEGE OF GEORGIA AUGUSTA, GA 30912-1250
San Francisco,
materials
D.D.S., M.Ed.** Calif.
Marginal integrity is an important quality in the provisional restoration. Previous studies on marginal integrity have presented conflicting results. In addition, newly available resins are making the selection of an accurate resin for provisional restorations difficult. The objective of this study was to evaluate the marginal accuracy of seven commercially available resins by using an established indirect technique, and to evaluate the effect of water absorption on polymerization shrinkage. Eight specimens of each material were tested under three conditions: immediately after polymerization, after 1 week of dry storage, and after 1 week of storage in room temperature water. Three materials, Duralay, Cold Pat, and Snap resins, produced statistically significantly superior marginal adaptation. Water absorption appeared to compensate for continued polymerization shrinkage. (J PROSTHETDENT~BB~;~~:~~B-~~.)
T
emporary coverage of a prepared tooth during various stages of treatment is an important step in the construction of fixed dental prostheses. Several factors affect the desirability of any specific provisional restorative material. These include resistance to fracture, marginal accuracy, color stability, wear resistance, tissue compatibility, ease of manipulation, and cost. The relative importance of most of these factors is directly related to the intended length of time that a provisional restoration is used.
This study was supported by a grant from the Academic Senate, University of California, San Francisco, Health Sciences Campus. Presented at the Pacific Coast Society of Prosthodontists meeting, Sun River, Ore. *Assistant Professor, Restorative Dentistry. **Clinical Professor, Prosthodontic Section.
10/l/18386
THE
JOURNAL
OFPROSTHETIC
DENTISTRY
Fig. 1. Stainless steel master die. Marginal accuracy ranks high on this list because good fit at the margins of a provisional restoration is essential to maintaining gingival health and protecting the tooth from physical, chemical, bacterial, and thermal injuries.lp 2
639
13. 14. 15. 16.
17.
18.
19. 20.
21.
CORROSION
RESISTANCE
22. Maijer R, Smith DC. Corrosion of orthodontic bracket bases. Am J Orthod 1982;81:43-8. 23. Buchman D. Effects of recycling in metallic direct-bond orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod 1980;77:654-88. 24. Espevik S. Corrosion of base metal alloys in vitro. Acta Odontol Stand 1978;36:113-6. 25. Pameijer CH, Giants P, Mobasherat MA. On clinical corrosion of pins. Swed Dent J 1983;7:161-7. 26. Derand T. Corrosion of screwposts. Odont Revy 1971;22:371-8. 27. Soremark R, Ingela 0, Plett H, Samsabl LK. Inthmnce of some dental restorations on the concentrations of inorganic constituents of the teeth. Acta Odontol &and 1962;20:215-24. 28. Bergenholtz A, Hedegard B, Soremark R. Studies of the transport of metal ions from gold inlays into environmental tissues. Acta Odontol &and 1965;23:135-46. 29. Arvidson K, Wroblewski R. Migration of metallic ions from screwposts into dentin and surrounding tissues. Stand J Dent Ras 1978;86:209-5.
In: Biomechanics in clinical dentistry. Chicago: Quintessence Pub1 Co Inc, 1987;185-203. Angmar-Mansson B, Omnell K, Rud J. Root fractures due to corrosion: 1. metallurgical aspects. Odontologisk Revy 1969;20:245-65. Petersen KB. Longitudinal root fracture due to corrosion of an endodontic post. J Can Dent Assn 19’71;2:66-8. Rud J, Omnell K. Root fractures due to corrosion: diagnostic aspects. Stand J Dent Res 1970;78:397-403. Silness J, Gustavsen F, Hunsbeth J. Distribution of corrosion products in teeth restored with metal crowns retained by stainless steel posts. Acta Odontol Stand 1979;37:317-21. American Society for Testing and Materials. Standard method for optical emission spectrometric analysis of stainless type 18-8 steels by the point-to-plane technique (Designation: E327-68). In: Priemonn-Storer RA, ed. Annual book of ASTM standards. Easton, Md: ASTM, 1985;3.06:150-3. American Society for Tasting and Materials. Standard practices for detecting susceptibility to intergranular attack in austenitic stainless steels (Designation A262-84). In: Priemon-Storer RA, ed. Annual book of ASTM standards. Easton, Md: ASTM, 1985;1.05:81-98. Brick RM, Gordon RB, Arthur A. Stainless steels. In: Structure and properties of alloys, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co, lQ65;339-58. Lyman T. Metals handbook: atlas of microstructure of industrial alloys. 8th ad. Mehl RF, ed. Metals Park, Ohio: American Society for Metals, 1972;7:82. Phillips RW. Wrought base metal alloys. In: Skinner’s science of dental materials. 7th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 1983;641-56.
Using
a tooth-reduction
Reprint requests to: DR. JOHNA.SORENSEN CHS 33-041 SCH~~LOFDENTISTRY UNIVERSITyOFCALIFORNJs4 LosANGELEs.CA~OOZ~
guide for modifying
L. Kirk Gardner, D.D.S.,* Arthur 0. Rahn, D.D.S.,** Gregory R. Parr, D.D.S.,** and David W. Richardson, Medical
College
of Georgia,
School
of Dentistry,
Augusta,
natural
teeth
D.D.S.***
Ga.
A simplified method of transferring diagnostic odontoplastic information from the cast to the patient is described. This technique can be used successfully when treating fixed, removable, or combination prosthodontics patients. (J F’ROSTIIET DENT
1990;63:637-9.)
T
ransferring tooth modifications accurately from altered diagnostic casts to the mouth can be difficult and tedious. A technique for fabrication of a treatment template is described.
PROCEDURE 1. Perfect the occlusal plane on diagnostic casts by using a template or any other desired method with a sharp knife, stones, or burs (Fig. 1).lm4 2. Paint the cast with a tinfoil substitute and allow it to dry. 3. Adapt autopolymerizing acrylic resin (dough stage) to the facial surface of the modified teeth on the cast and cut to the occlusal height of the altered teeth.
*Associate **Professor, ***Assistant
Professor, Department of Prosthodontics. Department of Prosthodontics. Professor, Department of Prosthodontics.
10/l/17710
TEE
JOURNAL
OF PROSTHETIC
DENTISTRY
Fig. 1. Occlusal plane adjusted by use of 20-degree template. 4. Lubricate acrylic resin surfaces in the modified locations with petroleum jelly and apply a second mix of acrylic resin to make the lingual portion of the guide. 5. After the acrylic resin is cured, remove the guide in two pieces and smooth any rough surfaces (Figs. 2 and 3). 637
GARDNER
Fig. cast. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig.
2. Autopolymerizing 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
ET AL
acrylic resin reduction guides in place on adjusted diagnostic
Labial and lingual components of guide separated for removal. Acrylic resin guide in place before reduction. Vinyl polysiloxane reduction guide in place and trimmed on diagnostic cast. Vinyl polysiloxane guide in place before reduction. Teeth after reduction are reshaped, rounded, and polished.
JUNE
1090
VOLUME
68
NUMBEB
6
TOOTHREDUCTIONGUIDE
6. Place the reduction guide in the patient’s mouth and accurately reshape the desired teeth (Fig. 4). 7. Narrow, polish, and smooth the occlusal surfaces of the odontoplasty, further reduce the teeth to receive crowns, and make temporary restorations. Vinyl polysiloxane may also be used for the construction of the reduction guide.
PROCEDURE Place polysiloxane putty (50/50) over the modified stone teeth, adapt it to both the facial and lingual aspects (no separating media is necessary), and allow it to set. 2. Reduce the height of the putty flush with the level of the occlusal surfaces of the altered teeth with a sharp knife. 3. Remove the guide from the cast in one piece and posi1.
Marginal
accuracy
of provisional
tion it over the natural teeth to indicate the necessary modifications (Figs. 5 through 7). REFERENCES 1. Ellinger CW, Rayson JH, Henderson D. Single complete dentures. J PROSTHET DENT 1971;26:1-10. 2. Sharry JJ. Complete denture prosthodontics. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1974313-5. 3. Mann AW, Pankey LD. Use of Pankey-Mann instrument in restoring the lower posterior teeth. J PROSTHET DENT 1960;10:135-50. 4. Dawson PE. Evaluation and diagnosis and treatment of occlusal problems. St Louis: CV Mosby Co, 1974.
Reprint
D.D.S., M.S.D.,* and John B. Holmes,
University
San Francisco,
School
of Dentistry,
to:
restorative
Jack H. Koumjian, of California,
requests
DR. L. KIRK GARDNER SCHOLL OF DENTISTRY MEDICAL COLLEGE OF GEORGIA AUGUSTA, GA 30912-1250
San Francisco,
materials
D.D.S., M.Ed.** Calif.
Marginal integrity is an important quality in the provisional restoration. Previous studies on marginal integrity have presented conflicting results. In addition, newly available resins are making the selection of an accurate resin for provisional restorations difficult. The objective of this study was to evaluate the marginal accuracy of seven commercially available resins by using an established indirect technique, and to evaluate the effect of water absorption on polymerization shrinkage. Eight specimens of each material were tested under three conditions: immediately after polymerization, after 1 week of dry storage, and after 1 week of storage in room temperature water. Three materials, Duralay, Cold Pat, and Snap resins, produced statistically significantly superior marginal adaptation. Water absorption appeared to compensate for continued polymerization shrinkage. (J PROSTHETDENT~BB~;~~:~~B-~~.)
T
emporary coverage of a prepared tooth during various stages of treatment is an important step in the construction of fixed dental prostheses. Several factors affect the desirability of any specific provisional restorative material. These include resistance to fracture, marginal accuracy, color stability, wear resistance, tissue compatibility, ease of manipulation, and cost. The relative importance of most of these factors is directly related to the intended length of time that a provisional restoration is used.
This study was supported by a grant from the Academic Senate, University of California, San Francisco, Health Sciences Campus. Presented at the Pacific Coast Society of Prosthodontists meeting, Sun River, Ore. *Assistant Professor, Restorative Dentistry. **Clinical Professor, Prosthodontic Section.
10/l/18386
THE
JOURNAL
OFPROSTHETIC
DENTISTRY
Fig. 1. Stainless steel master die. Marginal accuracy ranks high on this list because good fit at the margins of a provisional restoration is essential to maintaining gingival health and protecting the tooth from physical, chemical, bacterial, and thermal injuries.lp 2
639
