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BJO Online First, published on August 18, 2017 as 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310633 Clinical science
Epidemiology of discordance between symptoms and signs of dry eye Erin S Ong,1,2 Elizabeth R Felix,1,3 Roy C Levitt,1,4,5,6 William J Feuer,2 Constantine D Sarantopoulos,1,4 Anat Galor1,2 ►► Additional material is published online only. To view please visit the journal online (http://d x.doi.o rg/10.1136/ bjophthalmol-2017-310633). 1
Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA 2 Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA 3 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA 4 Department of Anesthesiology, Miller School of Medicine, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA 5 School of Medicine, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA 6 John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA Correspondence to Dr Anat Galor, Department of Ophthalmology, Miami VA medical center, Miami, Florida 33125, USA; agalor@med. miami.e du Received 21 April 2017 Revised 3 August 2017 Accepted 5 August 2017
Abstract Background/aims The frequent lack of association between dry eye (DE) symptoms and signs leads to challenges in diagnosing and assessing the disease. Methods Participants underwent ocular surface examinations to evaluate signs of disease and completed questionnaires to assess ocular symptoms, psychological status and medication use. To assess nociceptive system integrity, quantitative sensory testing (QST), including vibratory and thermal threshold measures and temporal summation of pain were obtained at the forearm and forehead. Correlations between DE discordance score (degree of discrepancy between symptom severity and DE signs) and patient characteristics were determined. Higher discordance scores indicated more symptoms than signs. Results 326 patients participated (mean age: 62 years; SD: 10 years; 92% men). Age was negatively correlated with DE discordance score (Pearson r=−0.30, p
BJO Online First, published on August 18, 2017 as 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310633 Clinical science
Epidemiology of discordance between symptoms and signs of dry eye Erin S Ong,1,2 Elizabeth R Felix,1,3 Roy C Levitt,1,4,5,6 William J Feuer,2 Constantine D Sarantopoulos,1,4 Anat Galor1,2 ►► Additional material is published online only. To view please visit the journal online (http://d x.doi.o rg/10.1136/ bjophthalmol-2017-310633). 1
Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA 2 Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA 3 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA 4 Department of Anesthesiology, Miller School of Medicine, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA 5 School of Medicine, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA 6 John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA Correspondence to Dr Anat Galor, Department of Ophthalmology, Miami VA medical center, Miami, Florida 33125, USA; agalor@med. miami.e du Received 21 April 2017 Revised 3 August 2017 Accepted 5 August 2017
Abstract Background/aims The frequent lack of association between dry eye (DE) symptoms and signs leads to challenges in diagnosing and assessing the disease. Methods Participants underwent ocular surface examinations to evaluate signs of disease and completed questionnaires to assess ocular symptoms, psychological status and medication use. To assess nociceptive system integrity, quantitative sensory testing (QST), including vibratory and thermal threshold measures and temporal summation of pain were obtained at the forearm and forehead. Correlations between DE discordance score (degree of discrepancy between symptom severity and DE signs) and patient characteristics were determined. Higher discordance scores indicated more symptoms than signs. Results 326 patients participated (mean age: 62 years; SD: 10 years; 92% men). Age was negatively correlated with DE discordance score (Pearson r=−0.30, p
