EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN SOCIETY
205
In the dominant lethal test system, male mice of the NMRI strain were treated with Mysoline at 35o and 7° mg/kg body weight and mated with untreated females over a period of 8 weeks. In the cytogenetic investigations, NMRI random-bred male mice were treated twice with 7o, 200, 350 and 612.5 mg Mysoline per kg body weight at 24-h intervals. Chromosome preparations were made 9.5, 15.5 and 23 h after the second application according to the method of Hoo AND BOWLES (1971). A z and NBU 2 were included to allow comparisons to be drawn in the cytogenetic test system. Mysoline induced a significant dominant lethality in the post-meiotic stages when applied in the lower dose. In spermatogonia, the test substance only slightly increased the frequency of chromosome aberrations.
17 M~OUTSCHEN-DAHMEN, J., M. MOUTSCHEN-DAHMEN, N. DEGRAEVE, N. HOUBRECHTS AND A. COLIZZI, Genetics Department, University of Li6ge (Belgium).
Genetical hazards of
aldehydes from
mouse experiments
It is well known that several aldehydes can be induced by irradiation of various media, which makes it important to study their genetical hazards. In the present studies, the toxicity of crotonaldehyde and butyraldehyde was investigated after i.p. injection of male mice of the Q strain. From the results, an acute dose (I rag/animal) was selected to investigate the effects on meiotic processes during a period of I month after injection. Chromosome damage was observed at all stages of spermatogenesis, but the sensitivity of each stage was different after each chemical. Special meiotic anomalies consisting of degenerative nuclei, multispindle cells and polyploid cells were observed after treatment at all spermatogenesis stages. The possible origins of these anomalies will be discussed. The effects of both aldehydes were also investigated after the mice had been given water containing one or the other (0.2 g/1 water each day for one month) and the effects at meiosis were followed for a 1-month period. Anomalies similar to those observed after acute i.p. injection occurred in about the same amount for both aldehydes although butyraldehyde showed less toxicity after acute doses. The bearing of these results on environmental mutagenesis will be discussed in relation to the amount of the compounds induced after irradiation of media.
18 RATHENBERG, R., Institut ftir Anthropologie und Humangenetik, University of
Heidelberg, Heidelberg (West Germany).
Comparative studies on spermatogonia of mice and Chinese hamsters after X - r a y t r e a t m e n t Spermatogonia of mammals would be valuable material for testing potential mutagens.
200
4TH ANNUAL MI-ETING, HEIDELBERG
Our knowledge to date on aberration induction in mammalian spermatogenesi> is predominantly based on effects indirectly observed during the analysis of meiotic divisions. Recently, improved preparation techniques have resulted in a sufficient score of spermatogonial mitoses. This offers the possibility of acuiring direct information on the kinetics of induced aberrations in the germinal epithelium. NMRI mice as well as Chinese hamsters (4 to o weeks old) received single doses of IOO, 3o0 and 6oo R of X-rays. The irradiated animals and controls were killed ze, 24 and 48 h after treatment, tim testes removed and preparations of .N)ermatog~mial mitoses made by the air-drying method. In view of the rate of cell damage, the specie., were compared aa to their sensb tivity against irradiation. The various forms of aberration observed will be discussed.
19 SAvI¢ovId N., J. PEI2EVSKI AND *A. DJELINEO,Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Boris KidriU', Radiobiological Laboratory, and *Pharmaceutical Industry "Galenika", Belgrade (Yugoslavia).
Cytogenetic analysis of meiotic chromosomes of irradiated mice and their progeny after treatment with streptomycin and dihydrodeoxystreptomycin The purpose of this investigation was to find out whether streptomycin and tile related compound dihydrodeoxystreptomycin have any mutagenic effect and whether they are capable of reinstating X-ray-induced chromosomal translocations in mouse spermatogonia of directly treated animals and their first generation progeny. Male C3H mice were divided into 3 groups: (z) only irradiated with 60o R; (e) irradiated and treated with streptomycin and dihydrodeoxystreptomycin ; and (3) treated with streptomycin and dihydrodeoxystreptomycin without irradiation. All animals were injected s.c. with a daily dose of o.o2 mg/g nody weight initially, with subsequent increase, hnmediately after treatment, each male was mated with normal females. The offspring obtained from these treated males were examined cytologically 12 weeks after birth. There was no mutagenic effect in animals treated with streptomycin and dihydrodeoxystreptomycin without irradiation. The frequency of chromosomal translocations after total irradiation was 9.O7°o . Treatment with streptomycin and dihydrodeoxystreptomycin after irradiation significantly decreased the percentage of chromosome rearrangements. The frequency of chrolnosonm rearrangements in the group treated with streptomycin after exposure was 5.13°o: and it was 3.7o°,~ in animals that were treated with dihydrodeoxystreptomycin. Male offspring originating from parents treated only with antibiotics showed no chronmsomal translocations. However, offspring originating from irradiated and treated parents gave birth to male offspring with chromosomal translocations.
2O
J.,, AND J. H. SCHR{SDER a, Institute of Zoology, University of Im>bruck, Innsbruck (Austria) 1,* and Institute of Biology, Association for Radiation and Environmental Research, Neuherberg/Mfinchen (West Germany) ~. SCHIECHTL,
205
In the dominant lethal test system, male mice of the NMRI strain were treated with Mysoline at 35o and 7° mg/kg body weight and mated with untreated females over a period of 8 weeks. In the cytogenetic investigations, NMRI random-bred male mice were treated twice with 7o, 200, 350 and 612.5 mg Mysoline per kg body weight at 24-h intervals. Chromosome preparations were made 9.5, 15.5 and 23 h after the second application according to the method of Hoo AND BOWLES (1971). A z and NBU 2 were included to allow comparisons to be drawn in the cytogenetic test system. Mysoline induced a significant dominant lethality in the post-meiotic stages when applied in the lower dose. In spermatogonia, the test substance only slightly increased the frequency of chromosome aberrations.
17 M~OUTSCHEN-DAHMEN, J., M. MOUTSCHEN-DAHMEN, N. DEGRAEVE, N. HOUBRECHTS AND A. COLIZZI, Genetics Department, University of Li6ge (Belgium).
Genetical hazards of
aldehydes from
mouse experiments
It is well known that several aldehydes can be induced by irradiation of various media, which makes it important to study their genetical hazards. In the present studies, the toxicity of crotonaldehyde and butyraldehyde was investigated after i.p. injection of male mice of the Q strain. From the results, an acute dose (I rag/animal) was selected to investigate the effects on meiotic processes during a period of I month after injection. Chromosome damage was observed at all stages of spermatogenesis, but the sensitivity of each stage was different after each chemical. Special meiotic anomalies consisting of degenerative nuclei, multispindle cells and polyploid cells were observed after treatment at all spermatogenesis stages. The possible origins of these anomalies will be discussed. The effects of both aldehydes were also investigated after the mice had been given water containing one or the other (0.2 g/1 water each day for one month) and the effects at meiosis were followed for a 1-month period. Anomalies similar to those observed after acute i.p. injection occurred in about the same amount for both aldehydes although butyraldehyde showed less toxicity after acute doses. The bearing of these results on environmental mutagenesis will be discussed in relation to the amount of the compounds induced after irradiation of media.
18 RATHENBERG, R., Institut ftir Anthropologie und Humangenetik, University of
Heidelberg, Heidelberg (West Germany).
Comparative studies on spermatogonia of mice and Chinese hamsters after X - r a y t r e a t m e n t Spermatogonia of mammals would be valuable material for testing potential mutagens.
200
4TH ANNUAL MI-ETING, HEIDELBERG
Our knowledge to date on aberration induction in mammalian spermatogenesi> is predominantly based on effects indirectly observed during the analysis of meiotic divisions. Recently, improved preparation techniques have resulted in a sufficient score of spermatogonial mitoses. This offers the possibility of acuiring direct information on the kinetics of induced aberrations in the germinal epithelium. NMRI mice as well as Chinese hamsters (4 to o weeks old) received single doses of IOO, 3o0 and 6oo R of X-rays. The irradiated animals and controls were killed ze, 24 and 48 h after treatment, tim testes removed and preparations of .N)ermatog~mial mitoses made by the air-drying method. In view of the rate of cell damage, the specie., were compared aa to their sensb tivity against irradiation. The various forms of aberration observed will be discussed.
19 SAvI¢ovId N., J. PEI2EVSKI AND *A. DJELINEO,Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Boris KidriU', Radiobiological Laboratory, and *Pharmaceutical Industry "Galenika", Belgrade (Yugoslavia).
Cytogenetic analysis of meiotic chromosomes of irradiated mice and their progeny after treatment with streptomycin and dihydrodeoxystreptomycin The purpose of this investigation was to find out whether streptomycin and tile related compound dihydrodeoxystreptomycin have any mutagenic effect and whether they are capable of reinstating X-ray-induced chromosomal translocations in mouse spermatogonia of directly treated animals and their first generation progeny. Male C3H mice were divided into 3 groups: (z) only irradiated with 60o R; (e) irradiated and treated with streptomycin and dihydrodeoxystreptomycin ; and (3) treated with streptomycin and dihydrodeoxystreptomycin without irradiation. All animals were injected s.c. with a daily dose of o.o2 mg/g nody weight initially, with subsequent increase, hnmediately after treatment, each male was mated with normal females. The offspring obtained from these treated males were examined cytologically 12 weeks after birth. There was no mutagenic effect in animals treated with streptomycin and dihydrodeoxystreptomycin without irradiation. The frequency of chromosomal translocations after total irradiation was 9.O7°o . Treatment with streptomycin and dihydrodeoxystreptomycin after irradiation significantly decreased the percentage of chromosome rearrangements. The frequency of chrolnosonm rearrangements in the group treated with streptomycin after exposure was 5.13°o: and it was 3.7o°,~ in animals that were treated with dihydrodeoxystreptomycin. Male offspring originating from parents treated only with antibiotics showed no chronmsomal translocations. However, offspring originating from irradiated and treated parents gave birth to male offspring with chromosomal translocations.
2O
J.,, AND J. H. SCHR{SDER a, Institute of Zoology, University of Im>bruck, Innsbruck (Austria) 1,* and Institute of Biology, Association for Radiation and Environmental Research, Neuherberg/Mfinchen (West Germany) ~. SCHIECHTL,
