ORIGINAL ARTICLES
May 2014 39. Shah V, Alwassia H, Shah K, Yoon W, Shah P. Neonatal outcomes among multiple births #32 weeks gestational age: does mode of conception have an impact? A cohort study. BMC Pediatr 2011; 11:54. 40. Turker G, Doger E, Arisoy AE, Gunlemez A, Gokalp AS. The effect of IVF pregnancies on mortality and morbidity in tertiary unit. Ital J Pediatr 2013;39:17. 41. Longo DR, Kruse RL, LeFevre ML, Schramm WF, Stockbauer JW, Howell V. An investigation of social and class differences in very-low birth weight outcomes: a continuing public health concern. J Health Care Finance 1999;25:75-89. 42. Harteman JC, Groenendaal F, van Haastert IC, Liem KD, Stroink H, Bierings MB, et al. Atypical timing and presentation of periventricular haemorrhagic infarction in preterm infants: the role of thrombophilia. Dev Med Child Neurol 2012;54:140-7. 43. O’Leary H, Gregas MC, Limperopoulos C, Zaretskaya I, Bassan H, Soul JS, et al. Elevated cerebral pressure passivity is associated with prematurity-related intracranial hemorrhage. Pediatrics 2009; 124:302-9.
44. Tuzcu V, Nas S, Ulusar U, Ugur A, Kaiser JR. Altered heart rhythm dynamics in very low birth weight infants with impending intraventricular hemorrhage. Pediatrics 2009;123:810-5. 45. Russell RB, Petrini JR, Damus K, Mattison DR, Schwarz RH. The changing epidemiology of multiple births in the United States. Obstet Gynecol 2003;101:129-35. 46. Branum AM, Schoendorf KC. Changing patterns of low birthweight and preterm birth in the United States, 1981-98. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2002;16:8-15. 47. Seifer DB, Frazier LM, Grainger DA. Disparity in assisted reproductive technologies outcomes in black women compared with white women. Fertil Steril 2008;90:1701-10. 48. Seifer DB, Zackula R, Grainger DA. Trends of racial disparities in assisted reproductive technology outcomes in black women compared with white women: Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology 1999 and 2000 vs. 2004-2006. Fertil Steril 2010;93:626-35. 49. Fujimoto VY, Luke B, Brown MB, Jain T, Armstrong A, Grainger DA, et al. Racial and ethnic disparities in assisted reproductive technology outcomes in the United States. Fertil Steril 2010;93:382-90.
50 Years Ago in THE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS The Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
Gianantonio C, Vitacco M, Mendilaharzu F, Rutty A, Mendilaharzu J. J Pediatr 1964;64:478-91
T
his landmark article was the first large series and description of the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which continues to be a common cause of renal failure in children. The authors studied 58 children with HUS and described their clinical and laboratory findings, management, and long-term outcome. This was the largest and first comprehensive study of HUS in children. The authors found that HUS usually developed after a diarrheal illness that was often bloody. They found that the severity of renal failure and central nervous system abnormalities influence the frequency of sequelae, a finding that still stands today. Interesting, the authors considered an infectious etiology for HUS, and a viral cause was considered likely in some cases. A little over 20 years after this article was published, another landmark article was published that described the association of HUS with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7.1 Other E coli serotypes have also been associated with HUS. These children were quite uremic with the average blood urea nitrogen of 278 103 mg/dL, and the overall mortality in this group of children was 29%; several had hypertension and/or chronic kidney disease at follow-up. The children were treated with kayexalate, blood transfusions, exchange transfusion, and occasional peritoneal dialysis. Fortunately, today the mortality is much reduced to less than 5% in most studies, but chronic kidney disease continues to be a long-term complication.2 Since the publication of this report, these and subsequent investigators from this institution in Buenos Aires continue to contribute important knowledge about HUS in children.2-4 Sharon P. Andreoli, MD Division of Pediatric Nephrology James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children Indianapolis, Indiana
References
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.10.077
1. Karmali MA, Petric M, Lim C, Cheung R, Arbus GS. The association between idiopathic hemolytic uremic syndrome and infection by verotoxinproducing E. coli. J Infect Dis 1985;151:775-82. 2. Caletti MG, Gallo G, Gianantonio CA. Development of focal segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis in hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 1996;10:687-92. 3. Repetto HA. Epidemic hemolytic uremic syndrome in children. Kidney Int 1997;52:1708-19. 4. Spizzirri FD, Rahman RC, Bibiloni N, Ruscasso JD, Amoreo OR. Childhood hemolytic uremic syndrome in Argentina: long-term follow up and prognostic features. Pediatr Nephrol 1997;11:156-60.
Maternal Race, Demography, and Health Care Disparities Impact Risk for Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Neonates
1011
May 2014 39. Shah V, Alwassia H, Shah K, Yoon W, Shah P. Neonatal outcomes among multiple births #32 weeks gestational age: does mode of conception have an impact? A cohort study. BMC Pediatr 2011; 11:54. 40. Turker G, Doger E, Arisoy AE, Gunlemez A, Gokalp AS. The effect of IVF pregnancies on mortality and morbidity in tertiary unit. Ital J Pediatr 2013;39:17. 41. Longo DR, Kruse RL, LeFevre ML, Schramm WF, Stockbauer JW, Howell V. An investigation of social and class differences in very-low birth weight outcomes: a continuing public health concern. J Health Care Finance 1999;25:75-89. 42. Harteman JC, Groenendaal F, van Haastert IC, Liem KD, Stroink H, Bierings MB, et al. Atypical timing and presentation of periventricular haemorrhagic infarction in preterm infants: the role of thrombophilia. Dev Med Child Neurol 2012;54:140-7. 43. O’Leary H, Gregas MC, Limperopoulos C, Zaretskaya I, Bassan H, Soul JS, et al. Elevated cerebral pressure passivity is associated with prematurity-related intracranial hemorrhage. Pediatrics 2009; 124:302-9.
44. Tuzcu V, Nas S, Ulusar U, Ugur A, Kaiser JR. Altered heart rhythm dynamics in very low birth weight infants with impending intraventricular hemorrhage. Pediatrics 2009;123:810-5. 45. Russell RB, Petrini JR, Damus K, Mattison DR, Schwarz RH. The changing epidemiology of multiple births in the United States. Obstet Gynecol 2003;101:129-35. 46. Branum AM, Schoendorf KC. Changing patterns of low birthweight and preterm birth in the United States, 1981-98. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2002;16:8-15. 47. Seifer DB, Frazier LM, Grainger DA. Disparity in assisted reproductive technologies outcomes in black women compared with white women. Fertil Steril 2008;90:1701-10. 48. Seifer DB, Zackula R, Grainger DA. Trends of racial disparities in assisted reproductive technology outcomes in black women compared with white women: Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology 1999 and 2000 vs. 2004-2006. Fertil Steril 2010;93:626-35. 49. Fujimoto VY, Luke B, Brown MB, Jain T, Armstrong A, Grainger DA, et al. Racial and ethnic disparities in assisted reproductive technology outcomes in the United States. Fertil Steril 2010;93:382-90.
50 Years Ago in THE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS The Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
Gianantonio C, Vitacco M, Mendilaharzu F, Rutty A, Mendilaharzu J. J Pediatr 1964;64:478-91
T
his landmark article was the first large series and description of the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which continues to be a common cause of renal failure in children. The authors studied 58 children with HUS and described their clinical and laboratory findings, management, and long-term outcome. This was the largest and first comprehensive study of HUS in children. The authors found that HUS usually developed after a diarrheal illness that was often bloody. They found that the severity of renal failure and central nervous system abnormalities influence the frequency of sequelae, a finding that still stands today. Interesting, the authors considered an infectious etiology for HUS, and a viral cause was considered likely in some cases. A little over 20 years after this article was published, another landmark article was published that described the association of HUS with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7.1 Other E coli serotypes have also been associated with HUS. These children were quite uremic with the average blood urea nitrogen of 278 103 mg/dL, and the overall mortality in this group of children was 29%; several had hypertension and/or chronic kidney disease at follow-up. The children were treated with kayexalate, blood transfusions, exchange transfusion, and occasional peritoneal dialysis. Fortunately, today the mortality is much reduced to less than 5% in most studies, but chronic kidney disease continues to be a long-term complication.2 Since the publication of this report, these and subsequent investigators from this institution in Buenos Aires continue to contribute important knowledge about HUS in children.2-4 Sharon P. Andreoli, MD Division of Pediatric Nephrology James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children Indianapolis, Indiana
References
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.10.077
1. Karmali MA, Petric M, Lim C, Cheung R, Arbus GS. The association between idiopathic hemolytic uremic syndrome and infection by verotoxinproducing E. coli. J Infect Dis 1985;151:775-82. 2. Caletti MG, Gallo G, Gianantonio CA. Development of focal segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis in hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 1996;10:687-92. 3. Repetto HA. Epidemic hemolytic uremic syndrome in children. Kidney Int 1997;52:1708-19. 4. Spizzirri FD, Rahman RC, Bibiloni N, Ruscasso JD, Amoreo OR. Childhood hemolytic uremic syndrome in Argentina: long-term follow up and prognostic features. Pediatr Nephrol 1997;11:156-60.
Maternal Race, Demography, and Health Care Disparities Impact Risk for Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Neonates
1011
